Power and the Holy in the Age of the Investiture Conflict: A Brief History with Documents » (1st Edition)

MAUREEN C. MILLER is associate professor of history at the University of California, Berkeley, and has also taught at George Mason University and Hamilton College. A specialist in medieval European history, she received her doctorate from Harvard University. She is the author of The Bishop's Palace: Architecture and Authority in Medieval Italy (2000), which was awarded the Helen and Howard R. Marraro Prize of the Society for Italian History Studies, and of The Formation of a Medieval Church: Ecclesiastical Change in Verona, 950-1150 (1993), which was a winner of the John Gilmary Shea Prize of the American Catholic Historical Association.

Historians tracing the emerging division between church and state in the West have long recognized the importance of the eleventh-century Gregorian reform movement and the investiture conflict -- events that reached a dramatic climax in Pope Gregory VII's excommunication of Emperor Henry IV. In her introduction to this ground-breaking volume, Miller recasts the narrative of reform and the investiture conflict -- traditionally portrayed as an elitist struggle between church and state -- in terms of a broad shift in conceptions of the nature of power and the holy. The volume brings together a wide selection of compelling documents -- many of which have been largely unavailable -- that allows students to place the investiture conflict within the wider context of social and political change in medieval Europe. Document headnotes, a chronology, a selected bibliography, and questions for consideration provide further pedagogical support.

Foreword Preface
A Note about the Texts and Translations List of Maps and Illustrations

PART ONE

Introduction: The Investiture Conflict in Western History
Power and the Holy on the Eve of the Investiture Conflict Power and the Holy before the Millennium Movements for Reform The Investiture Conflict The Consequences of Reform The Contemporary Legacy

PART TWO

The Documents
1. Movements for Reform
Responses to the Carolingian Crisis
1. Rodulphus Glaber, Description of the Peace and Truce of God, ca. 1036-1046
2. Bishops of the Auvergne, Canons of the Council of Le Puy, 994

Monastic Reform
3. William of Aquitaine, Foundation Charter of the Monastery of Cluny, 910
4. Peter Damian, On the Life of Hermit Romuald of Ravenna, 1042

Clerical Celibacy and Simony
5. Peter Damian, A Letter to Bishop Cunibert of Turin, 1064
6. Andrew of Strumi, Description of the Preaching of Ariald in Milan, ca. 1075
7. Arnulf of Milan, On the Patarenes, ca. 1072-1077
8. Pope Gregory VII, A Letter to Adela, Countess of Flanders, November 10, 1076
9. Humbert of Silva Candida, On Simony, 1058
10. Peter Damian, On Simony, 1052

Canonical or "Free" Election
11. Gerhard of Augsburg, How Ulrich Became Bishop of Augsburg, ca. 993, and Berno of Reichenau, How Ulrich Became Bishop of Augsburg, ca. 1030
12. King Dagobert Invests Saint Omer, 11th Century
13. Annales Romani, Description of the Synod of Sutri, ca. 1046, and Bonizo of Sutri, Description of the Synod of Sutri, ca. 1085
14. Wibert, How Bruno of Toul Became Pope, 1054?
15. Roman Synod, Papal Election Decree, 1059

2. The Investiture Conflict
The Combatants: Emperor Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII
16. An Account of Henry's Minority, ca. 1106
17. Pope Gregory VII, A Letter to Supporters in Lombardy, July 1, 1073
18. Pope Gregory VII, Letter to Duke Rudolf of Swabia Concerning Henry IV, September 1, 1073
19. Pope Gregory VII, The Dictatus papae, 1075

The First Confrontation
20. Pope Gregory VII, Admonition to Henry, December 8, 1075
21. Emperor Henry IV, Response to Gregory’s Admonition, Early 1076

Canossa
22. Lampert of Hersfeld, Account of Canossa, ca. 1077
23. Pope Gregory VII, A Letter to the German Princes, January 1077

Civil War
24. Sigebert of Gembloux, An Antiking Is Elected, 1077
25. Roman Synod, The Decrees against Lay Investiture, November 19, 1078 and March 7, 1080
26. Pope Gregory VII, A Letter to Hermann of Metz, March 15, 1081
27. Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury, A Letter to Hugh Candidus, ca. 1084-1085
28. Pope Gregory VII, Deathbed Testament, ca. 1085

Compromise
29. Ivo, Bishop of Chartres, A Letter to the Apostolic Legate Hugh of Lyon, 1097
30. Emperor Henry V and Pope Calixtus II, The Agreements of Worms, 1122

3. The Consequences of Reform Lay Engagement with the Faith
31. Baudri of Dol, The Preaching of Robert of Arbrissel, ca. 1118
32. Walter Map, Description of the Waldensians, ca. 1180-1183
33. Pope Innocent III, A Rule for the Third Order of the Humiliati, June 7, 1201
34. Robert the Monk, The Calling of the First Crusade, ca. 1100-1125
35. Bernard of Clairvaux, On the New Knighthood, ca. 1128–1136

The Clergy
36. Martin and Anziverga, Gift to Their Son Adam, May 30, 1060, and John, Lease to Martin dal Danno, February 1156
37. Eudes Rigaud, Archbishop of Rouen, Visitation to Inspect His Clergy, 1248

Bishops
38. A Disputed Election at Auxerre, 1116
39. William of Newburgh, Account of Thomas Becket’s Martyrdom, ca. 1190-1198

The Papacy
40. Pope Adrian IV, A Papal Bull, 1156
41. Papal Ceremonial in a Fresco from SS. Quattro Coronati, 13th Century
42. Bernard of Clairvaux, On Papal Sovereignty, ca. 1148–1153
43. Garcia, Criticism of the Papacy: The Relics of Saints Silver and Gold, ca. 1100?

Sanctity and Just Rulership
44. Manegold of Lautenbach, On Tyranny, ca. 1085
45. Guibert of Nogent, On Royal Powers, ca. 1125
46. Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa, The Canonization of Charlemagne, January 8, 1166
47. The Coronation Rite of Reims, ca. 1230
48. The Tomb of Edward I, Mid-14th Century

Appendixes
A Chronology of the Origins and Consequences of the Investiture Conflict (313-1201)
Questions for Consideration Selected Bibliography
Index