Authors: W. Lance Bennett
ISBN-13: 9780205649846, ISBN-10: 020564984X
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Longman
Date Published: August 2008
Edition: 8th Edition
Part of the “Longman Classics in Political Science” series, this renowned book, known for a lively writing style, provocative point of view, and exceptional scholarship, has been thoroughly revised and updated, including up-to-the-minute case studies and the latest research.
This favorite of both instructors and students is a "behind-the-scenes" tour of news in American politics. The core question explored in this book is: How well does the news, as the core of the national political information system, serve the needs of democracy? In investigating this question, the book examines how various political actors — from presidents and members of Congress, to interest organizations and citizen-activists — try to get their messages into the news.
Follows the evolution of the news, both as a social and economic product and as a key to understanding the American political process. Analyzes how the press, public, and politicians interact in a political system that is not always functional, offering in-depth case studies and current examples. This fourth edition reflects the decline of mass media and the fragmentation of the mass news audience, the rise of strategic communication and new technologies of audience targeting, the rise of news negativity, and the news reform movement. The author is affiliated with the University of Washington. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Acknowledgments | ||
Introduction: The News about Democracy | ||
Ch. 1 | What's News? The Construction of Political Reality | 1 |
Press-Politics | 2 | |
News Images and Political Realities | 4 | |
Inside the News System | 6 | |
Economics versus Democracy | 8 | |
Information Systems and Their Limits | 9 | |
News as Social Construct | 11 | |
From Mass Media to Media Monopoly | 14 | |
More Channels, More Choices? | 15 | |
Different Package, Same Contents? | 17 | |
Is Television the Problem? | 23 | |
A Definition of News | 26 | |
Why the News Matters: The Political Gatekeeper | 26 | |
Imagining Other Kinds of News | 29 | |
Where Do the People Fit into the Information Picture? | 31 | |
Ch. 2 | News Content: Messages for the Masses | 37 |
Four Information Biases in the News: An Overview | 39 | |
Four Information Biases in the News: An In-Depth Look | 47 | |
Personalized News | 48 | |
Dramatized News | 52 | |
Fragmented News | 58 | |
Normalized News | 64 | |
News Bias Reconsidered | 72 | |
Ch. 3 | How Politicians Make the News | 77 |
The Politics of Illusion | 78 | |
News Images as Political Reality | 80 | |
The Goals of Image Making | 81 | |
The Techniques of Image Making | 85 | |
Symbols and Their Political Uses | 86 | |
Defining the Political Situation | 88 | |
News Control: Getting the Message Across | 90 | |
Press Relations: From Cooperation to Intimidation | 100 | |
The Effects of News Control | 106 | |
Why Images Prevail | 110 | |
What Comes First: Apathy or Disinformation? | 112 | |
Ch. 4 | How Journalists Report the News | 117 |
The Importance of Work Routines and Professional Norms | 118 | |
How Reporting Practices Contribute to News Bias | 118 | |
Reporters and Officials: Pressures to Cooperate | 119 | |
Reporters as Members of News Organizations: Pressures to Standardize | 123 | |
The Paradox of Organizational Routines | 126 | |
Reporters as a Pack: Pressures to Agree | 129 | |
When Journalism Works | 135 | |
Ch. 5 | Inside the Profession: Objectivity and Other Double Standards | 141 |
Why Objective Reporting Does Not Work | 142 | |
Fairness: The New Objectivity | 143 | |
Professional Journalism Standards | 145 | |
Professional Practices and News Distortion | 149 | |
The Adversarial Role of the Press | 149 | |
Standards of Decency and Good Taste | 153 | |
Documentary Reporting Practices | 157 | |
The Use of Stories as Standardized News Formats | 157 | |
Reporters as Generalists | 159 | |
The Practice of Editorial Review | 161 | |
Objectivity Reconsidered | 162 | |
Ch. 6 | The Public: Prisoners of the News? | 167 |
The Prisoner's Dilemma | 168 | |
Prisoners Who Can Think for Themselves | 169 | |
Why the News Still Matters | 170 | |
Common Patterns of Information Processing | 171 | |
Other Reasons People Follow the News | 180 | |
Escaping the News Prison | 189 | |
Ch. 7 | Freedom from the Press: Solutions for Concerned Citizens | 193 |
News and Power in America: The Ideal versus the Reality | 195 | |
Why the Myth of a Free Press Persists | 197 | |
Critical Proposals for Citizens, Journalists and Politicians | 200 | |
Proposals for Citizens | 200 | |
Proposals for Journalists | 207 | |
Proposals for Politicians and Government | 211 | |
The Perils of Virtual Democracy | 218 | |
Index | 221 | |
About the Author | 233 |