Literature: The Human Experience Shorter: Reading and Writing » (9th Edition)

RICHARD ABCARIAN (Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley) is a professor of English emeritus at California State University, Northridge, where he taught for 37 years. During his teaching career, he won two Fulbright professorships. In addition to editing Literature: The Human Experience and the compact edition, he is the editor of a critical edition of Richard Wright's A Native Son, as well as several other literature text books.

MARVIN KLOTZ (Ph.D., New York University) is a professor of English emeritus at California State University, Northridge, where he taught for 33 years and won Northridge's distinguished teaching award in 1983. He is also the winner of two Fulbright professorships (in Vietnam and Iraq) and was a National Endowment for the Arts Summer Fellow twice. In addition to editing Literature: The Human Experience and several other textbooks, he coauthored a guide and index to the characters in Faulkner's fiction.

For its broad range of engaging literature and flexible arrangement at the lowest net price, the shorter edition of Literature: The Human Experience is a classroom favorite, now with more help for reading literature and an emphasis on global ideas. Selections are carefully chosen and arranged around the classic themes of humanity, such as Love and Hate and Culture and Identity, to help students connect what they read to their own life experiences. The shorter edition offers more selections from around the globe and new ways to open students' eyes to a broader world literature.

PREFACE INTRODUCTION

RESPONDING TO LITERATURE
Emily Dickinson, There Is No Frigate Like A Book
Why We Read Literature
Reading Actively
Reading and Thinking Critically
Reading Fiction
The Methods of Fiction
Tone
Plot
Characterization
Setting
Point of View
Irony
Theme
Exploring Fiction
Reading Poetry
Walt Whitman, When I Heard the Learn'd Astronomer
Word Choice Figurative Language The Music of Poetry Exploring Poetry
*Annotating While You Read
*William Shakespeare, Sonnet 29
*Edward Arlington Robinson, How Annandale Went Out
Reading Drama
Stages and Staging The Elements of Drama
Characters
Dramatic Irony
Plot and Conflict
Exploring Drama
Reading Essays
Types of Essays
Narrative Essays
Descriptive Essays
Expository Essays
Argumentative Essays
Analyzing the Essay
The Thesis
Structure and Detail
Style and Tone
Exploring Essays

WRITING ABOUT LITERATURE
Responding to Your Reading
Keeping a Journal Exploring and Planning
Asking Good Questions
Establishing a Working Thesis
Gathering Information
Organizing Information
Drafting the Essay
Refining Your Opening Supporting Your Thesis
Revising the Essay
Editing Your Draft
Selecting Strong Verbs
Eliminating Unnecessary Modifiers
Making Connections
Proofreading Your Draft
Some Common Writing Assignments
Explication Analysis Comparison and Contrast
The Research Paper
An Annotated Student Research Paper
Some Matters of Form and Documentation
Titles Quotations
Brackets and Ellipses
Quotation Marks and Other Punctuation
Documentation
Documenting Internet Sources
A Checklist for Writing about Literature

INNOCENCE AND EXPERIENCE
LOOKING AHEAD: Questions for Thinking and Writing
Fiction
Nathaniel Hawthorne, Young Goodman Brown
James Joyce, Araby
Ernest Hemingway, A Clean, Well-Lighted Place
Flannery O'Connor, Good Country People
Toni Cade Bambara, The Lesson
*Haruki Murakami, On Seeing the 100% Perfect Girl One Beautiful April Morning
Sandra Cisneros, The House on Mango Street
Poetry
William Blake, The Chimney Sweeper
William Blake, The Tyger
William Blake, The Garden of Love
John Keats, On First Looking into Chapman's Homer
Robert Browning, My Last Duchess
Emily Dickinson, I felt a Funeral, in my Brain
Thomas Hardy, The Ruined Maid
Gerard Manley Hopkins, Spring and Fall
A. E. Housman, When I Was One-and-Twenty
William Butler Yeats, Leda and the Swan
Robert Frost, Birches
Robert Frost, The Road Not Taken
Stevie Smith, Not Waving but Drowning
Countee Cullen, Incident
Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Constantly Risking Absurdity
Philip Larkin, This Be the Verse
Philip Larkin, A Study of Reading Habits
Peter Meinke, Advice to My Son
Robert Mezey, My Mother
*June Jordan, Memo:
*Rosemary Catacalos, David Talamantez on the Last Day of Second Grade
*Hanan Mikha'il 'Ashrawi, Diary of an Almost-Four-Year-Old
Molly Peacock, Our Room
Katherine McAlpine, Plus C'est la Même Chose
*Dana Gioia, Unsaid
Katharyn Howd Machan, Hazel Tells LaVerne
Sandra Cisneros, My Wicked Wicked Ways
*John Brehm, At the Poetry Reading
Major Jackson, Euphoria
*Evelyn Lau, Solipsism
Drama
Sophocles, Oedipus Rex
*Arthur Miller, Death of a Salesman
Essays
Langston Hughes, Salvation
Bernard Cooper, A Clack of Tiny Sparks: Remembrances of a Gay Boyhood
*Judith Ortiz Cofer, American History
*CASEBOOK Looking Farther: Children and Parents
*Yu Hua, Appendix (Fiction)
*Can Xue, The Hut on the Mountain (Fiction)
*Shirley Geok-Lin Lim, Father from Asia (Poem)
LOOKING BACK: Further Questions for Thinking and Writing

CONFORMITY AND REBELLION
Fiction
Herman Melville, Bartleby the Scrivener
Franz Kafka, A Hunger Artist
Shirley Jackson, The Lottery
Ursula K. LeGuin, The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas
Harlan Ellison, "Repent, Harlequin!" Said the Ticktockman
*Pauline Melville, The Sparkling Bitch
Amy Tan, Two Kinds
Poetry
*Phyllis Wheatley, On Being Brought from Africa to America
William Wordsworth, The World Is Too Much with Us
Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Ulysses
Emily Dickinson, Much Madness is divinest Sense
Emily Dickinson, She rose to His Requirement
William Butler Yeats, Easter 1916
William Butler Yeats, The Second Coming
William Butler Yeats, The Great Day
*Edwin Arlington Robinson, Miniver Cheevy
Wallace Stevens, Sunday Morning
Claude McKay, If We Must Die
Langston Hughes, Harlem
W. H. Auden, The Unknown Citizen
*Helen Sorrells, From a Correct Address in a Suburb of a Major City
Muriel Rukeyser, Myth
Dudley Randall, Ballad of Birmingham
*Gwendolyn Brooks, from The Children of the Poor
Jenny Joseph, Warning
*Tawfiq Zayyad, Here We Shall Stay
Marge Piercy, The Market Economy
*Charles Simic, My Weariness of Epic Proportions
Nikki Giovanni, Dreams
*J. D. McClatchy, Jihad
*Hanan Mikha'il 'Ashwari, Night Patrol
Carolyn Forché, The Colonel
*Steve Earle, Rich Man's War
Drama
Henrik Ibsen, A Doll's House
Essays
Jonathan Swift, A Modest Proposal
Martin Luther King Jr., Letter from Birmingham Jail
CASEBOOK Looking Deeper: Literature and History
From the U.S. Constitution Article I, Section 2
From Dred Scott v. Sandford
U.S. Constitution, Amendment XIV
Jim Crow Laws
A Call for Unity from Alabama Clergymen
The Birmingham Truce Agreement
*E. L. Doctorow, From Reporting the Universe: Why we are infidels
*Salman Rushdie, Imagine There's No Heaven
LOOKING BACK: Further Questions for Thinking and Writing

CULTURE AND IDENTITY
LOOKING AHEAD: Questions for Thinking and Writing
Fiction
William Faulkner, A Rose for Emily
James Baldwin, Sonny's Blues
Alice Walker, Everyday Use
Jamaica Kincaid, Girl
*Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni, Mrs. Dutta Writes a Letter
Sherman Alexie, This is what it means to say Phoenix, Arizona
Poetry
Emily Dickinson, What Soft-Cherubic Creatures-
Paul Laurence Dunbar, We Wear the Mask
T. S. Eliot, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
E. E. Cummings, The Cambridge ladies who live in furnished souls
Henry Reed, Naming of Parts
M. Carl Holman, Mr. Z
Etheridge Knight, Hard Rock Returns to Prison from the Hospital for the Criminal Insane
Wole Soyinka, The Telephone Conversation
Judith Ortiz Cofer, Latin Women Pray
*Rita Dove, Daystar
*Cathy Song, Stamp Collecting
Taslima Nasrin, Things Cheaply Had
Drama
Lorraine Hansberry, A Raisin in the Sun
Essays
Virginia Woolf, What If Shakespeare Had Had a Sister?
George Orwell, Shooting an Elephant
Maya Angelou, Graduation in Stamps
*CASEBOOK Looking Farther: Western Education and Traditional Culture
*Abeer Hoque, Ironed Blue Sky, 88 (Essay)
*Felix Mnthali, The Stranglehold of English Lit (Poem)
*Es'kia Mphahlele, African Literature: What Tradition? (Essay)
LOOKING BACK: Further Questions for Thinking and Writing

LOVE AND HATE
LOOKING AHEAD: Questions for Thinking and Writing
Fiction
Kate Chopin, The Storm
Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wallpaper
Raymond Carver, What We Talk about When We Talk about Love
Joyce Carol Oates, Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?
*Robert Olen Butler, Jealous Husband Returns in Form of Parrot (1996)
Poetry
*Sappho, With His Venom
*Po Chu-I, Golden Bells (c. 810?)
*Po Chu-I, Remembering Golden Bells (c. 810?)
Anonymous, Bonny Barbara Allan
CASEBOOK Looking Deeper: From Poetry to Song
Christopher Marlowe, The Passionate Shepherd to his Love
Sir Walter Raleigh, The Nymph's Reply to the Shepherd
C. Day-Lewis, Song
William Shakespeare, It Was a Lover and his Lass
Ben Jonson, Song, To Celia
Robert Herrick, To the Virgins, to Make Much of Time
Sir John Suckling, Song
W. S. Gilbert, To Phoebe
Aimee Mann, Save Me
William Shakespeare, Sonnet 18 "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?"
William Shakespeare, Sonnet 29 "When, in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes"
William Shakespeare, Sonnet 129 "Th'expense of spirit in a waste of shame"
William Shakespeare, Sonnet 130 "My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun"
John Donne, The Flea
John Donne, Song
John Donne, A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning
*Edmund Waller, Go, Lovely Rose!
Andrew Marvell, To His Coy Mistress
*Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, Song
William Blake, A Poison Tree
Robert Burns, A Red, Red Rose
Walt Whitman, from Song of Myself
Matthew Arnold, Dover Beach
Gerard Manley Hopkins, Pied Beauty
W. B. Yeats, Politics
Robert Frost, Fire and Ice
Edna St. Vincent Millay, Love Is Not All
*Dorothy Parker, One Perfect Rose
Theodore Roethke, My Papa's Waltz
*Theodore Roethke, I Knew a Woman
Elizabeth Bishop, One Art
Robert Hayden, Those Winter Sundays
Anthony Hecht, The Dover Bitch
*Wislawa Szymborska, First Love
Carolyn Kizer, Bitch
*Maxine Kumin, Jack
Adrienne Rich, Living in Sin
Sylvia Plath, Daddy
*Audre Lorde, Power
Lucille Clifton, There Is a Girl Inside
*Seamus Heaney, Valediction
Billy Collins, Sonnet
Sharon Olds, Sex without Love
*Jane Kenyon, Surprise
Molly Peacock, Say You Love Me
*Wyatt Prunty, Learning the Bicycle
*Susan Musgrave, Right Through the Heart
Gary Soto, Oranges
*Jane Hirshfield, Salt Heart
Mary Karr, Revenge of the Ex-Mistress
*Moyra Donaldson, Infidelities
Drama
William Shakespeare, Othello
Susan Glaspell, Trifles
Essays
Paul, 1 Corinthians 13
Erich Fromm, Is Love an Art?
Maxine Hong Kingston, No Name Woman
*CASEBOOK Looking Farther: Forbidden Love
*Chinua Achebe, Marriage is a Private Affair (Fiction)
*Nahid Rachlin, Departures (Fiction)
*Abbas Saffari, Our Story (Poem)
LOOKING BACK: Further Questions for Thinking and Writing

THE PRESENCE OF DEATH
LOOKING AHEAD: Questions for Thinking and Writing
Fiction
Edgar Allan Poe, The Cask of Amontillado
Leo Tolstoy, The Death of Iván Ilych
D. H. Lawrence, The Rocking Horse Winner
Katherine Anne Porter, The Jilting of Granny Weatherall
*Tim O'Brien, The Things They Carried
Leslie Marmon Silko, The Man to Send Rain Clouds
Poetry
Anonymous, Edward
William Shakespeare, Sonnet 73 "That time of year thou mayst in me behold"
William Shakespeare, Fear No More the Heat o' the Sun
William Shakespeare, from Richard II
William Shakespeare, from Macbeth
William Shakespeare, from Hamlet
John Donne, Death, Be Not Proud
Percy Bysshe Shelley, Ozymandias
John Keats, Ode on a Grecian Urn
Emily Dickinson, After great pain, a formal feeling comes
Emily Dickinson, I heard a Fly buzz -- when I died
Emily Dickinson, Apparently with no surprise
A. E. Housman, To an Athlete Dying Young
William Butler Yeats, Sailing to Byzantium
Edwin Arlington Robinson, Richard Cory
Robert Frost, After Apple-Picking
Robert Frost, Nothing Gold Can Stay
Robert Frost, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
Robert Frost, Design
Wilfred Owen, Dulce et Decorum Est
*E. E. Cummings, O sweet spontaneous
Pablo Neruda, The Dead Woman
CASEBOOK Looking Deeper: From Art to Literature
W. H. Auden, Musee des Beaux Arts
Pieter Brueghel the Elder, Landscape with the Fall of Icarus
Lawrence Ferlinghetti, In Goya's Greatest Scenes
Francisco de Goya, The Third of May, 1808, Madrid
Anne Sexton, The Starry Night
Vincent van Gogh, The Starry Night
Donald Finkel, The Great Wave: Hokusai
Katsushika Hokusai, The Great Wave Off Kanagawa
Thedore Roethke, Elegy for Jane
Dylan Thomas, Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night
Catherine Davis, After a Time
Yevgeny Yevtushenko, People
Mary Oliver, When Death Comes
Seamus Heaney, Mid-term Break
*Janice Mirikitani, Suicide Note
*Adrian C. Louis, End Prayer for Mogie
*Victor Hernandez Cruz, Problems with Hurricanes
James Fenton, God, a Poem
*Victoria Chang, Morning Ritual
Drama
Woody Allen, Death Knocks
Milcha Sanchez-Scott, The Cuban Swimmer
Essays
John Donne, Meditation XVII, from Devotions upon Emergent Occasions
*Mark Twain, Little Bessie Would Assist Providence
Jessica Mitford, The American Way of Death
LOOKING BACK: Further Questions for Thinking and Writing

APPENDICES
GLOSSARY OF CRITICAL APPROACHES
Introduction Deconstruction Ethical Criticism Feminist Criticism Formalist Criticism Marxist Criticism Historical Criticism Postcolonial Criticism Psychoanalytic Criticism Reader-Response Criticism
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES ON THE AUTHORS

* new to this edition