Authors: Lee I. Levine, Authorr Add
ISBN-13: 9780827607507, ISBN-10: 0827607504
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Jewish Publication Society
Date Published: October 2002
Edition: 1ST
Jerusalem in the Second Temple period experienced dramatic growth as it achieved unprecedented political, religious, and spiritual prominence. Lee Levine traces the development of Jerusalem during this timethrough its urban, demographic, topographical, and archeological features, its political regimes, public institutions, and its cultural and religious life.
Everything you've ever wanted to know about the Jerusalem of 2,000 years ago must surely be covered in Jerusalem: Portrait of the City in the Second Temple Period (538 B.C.E.-70 C.E.), a mammoth textbook by Lee Levine. This comprehensive study opens with the period during and after the Babylonian exile, discussing Nehemiah's reforms and the decision to build a second temple, then traces the history of Jerusalem until the Romans destroyed that second temple in 70 C.E. Levine covers all of the intricacies of the Hellenistic and Roman occupations, the rise of various religious sects such as the Pharisees and Sadducees, and the customs associated with temple worship. Though dry at times, this is a well-organized and exhaustively informative resource. Copyright 2002 Cahners Business Information.
Preface | ||
Introduction | ||
Pt. I | From Cyrus to the Hasmoneans | |
Ch. 1 | The Persian Era (539-332 B.C.E.) | 3 |
The Restoration of City and Temple | 8 | |
The First Returnees: Hopes Thwarted by Hardships | 12 | |
The Temple Rebuilt | 15 | |
The Era of Ezra and Nehemiah | 20 | |
The Enigmatic Fourth Century B.C.E. | 31 | |
The Persian Era in Perspective | 42 | |
Ch. 2 | The Hellenistic Era (332-141 B.C.E.) | 45 |
The Ptolemaic Era (301-198 B.C.E.) | 48 | |
The Seleucid Era (198-141 B.C.E.) | 65 | |
Ch. 3 | The Hasmonean Era (141-63 B.C.E.) | 91 |
The Hasmonean Factor in Jerusalem Society | 92 | |
Three Episodes in Hasmonean Jerusalem | 99 | |
The Urban Setting | 106 | |
Political and Religious Groupings in Hasmonean Jerusalem | 114 | |
Common Judaism under the Hasmoneans | 133 | |
Hellenization in Hasmonean Jerusalem | 143 | |
The End of an Era | 147 | |
Pt. II | Herodian Jerusalem | |
Ch. 4 | The Historical Dimension | 151 |
Transition to Roman Rule | 151 | |
From Pompey's Conquest to the Rise of Herod (63-37 B.C.E.) | 158 | |
Herodian Politics: At Home and Abroad (37-4 B.C.E.) | 165 | |
Herodian Rule in Jerusalem | 170 | |
Herod's Domestic Woes | 179 | |
Evaluating Herod and His Rule | 181 | |
The Reign of Archelaus (4 B.C.E.-6 C.E.) | 183 | |
Ch. 5 | The Urban Landscape | 187 |
The Antonia | 194 | |
The Western Towers | 196 | |
Herod's Palace | 198 | |
Entertainment Institutions | 201 | |
Funerary Remains | 206 | |
Water Supply and Installations | 213 | |
Ch. 6 | The Temple and Temple Mount | 219 |
The Temple Mount: Physical Dimensions and Functions | 226 | |
The Temple and Its Courts | 237 | |
Temple Functionaries | 243 | |
The Temple as a Religious Focus | 245 | |
Ch. 7 | Jerusalem in the Greco-Roman Orbit: The Extent and Limitations of Cultural Fusion | 255 |
The Temple | 257 | |
Residential Quarters | 260 | |
Funerary Remains | 261 | |
Political Institutions | 265 | |
Language | 270 | |
Pharisaic Exegesis | 276 | |
Defining the Limits of Acculturation | 278 | |
Pt. III | The First Century C.E. | |
Ch. 8 | The Historical Dimension | 285 |
Direct Roman Rule: The Earlier Period (6-41 C.E.) | 285 | |
Jerusalem under Agrippa I (41-44 C.E.) | 295 | |
Procuratorial Rule (44-66 C.E.): The Collapse of Jerusalem Society | 302 | |
Ch. 9 | The Urban Configuration | 313 |
Geographical Expansion | 313 | |
The Third Wall | 315 | |
Topography | 318 | |
The Lower City | 319 | |
The Upper City | 326 | |
The Northern Commercial Quarter | 335 | |
The Bezetha Quarter (the New City) | 337 | |
Demography | 340 | |
Economic Activity | 343 | |
App | The Use of Rabbinic Literature in the Study of Second Temple Jerusalem | 349 |
Ch. 10 | Social Stratification | 351 |
The Social Dimension | 351 | |
High Priests | 352 | |
Priests | 358 | |
The Herodian Dynasty | 361 | |
The Nonpriestly Aristocracy | 365 | |
Diaspora Jews | 369 | |
Ch. 11 | Religious Ambience | 375 |
Religious Life in First-Century Jerusalem | 375 | |
Scribes | 381 | |
The Christian Community | 382 | |
Common Judaism in First-Century Jerusalem | 387 | |
Synagogues | 394 | |
Ch. 12 | The Destruction of Jerusalem (66-70 C.E.) | 401 |
Causes of the Revolt | 401 | |
Jerusalem during the Revolt (66-70 C.E.) | 404 | |
The Siege and Fall of the City | 406 | |
Epilogue | 413 | |
Glossary | 417 | |
Abbreviations | 420 | |
Bibliography | 423 | |
Illustration Credits | 470 | |
Subject Index | 472 |