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Foreign Exchange Black Markets In Latin America »

Book cover image of Foreign Exchange Black Markets In Latin America by Robert E. Grosse

Authors: Robert E. Grosse, Clarice Pechman
ISBN-13: 9780275947583, ISBN-10: 0275947580
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated
Date Published: November 1994
Edition: (Non-applicable)

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Author Biography: Robert E. Grosse

ROBERT E. GROSSE is the Director of the Center for International Business of the University of Miami.

Book Synopsis

Foreign exchange black markets in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Jamaica and Peru were studied during the period 1990-93. This group of case studies presents a broad view of the phenomenon in Latin America at the beginning of the 1990s. This is not a traditional economic analysis of foreign exchange markets, for many reasons. Most importantly, since black markets are illegal by definition, they are not recorded in offical statistics and the participants are not easily identified. Nevertheless, these markets are often widely used and well known to people living in the Latin American countries, so it is possible to paint a reasonably accurate picture of them.

The work is based largely on interviews with black market participants in each country. This primary means of collecting information was desirable because of the general lack of published sources of data or other records; though published information was also used when available. The book discusses foreign exchange black markets from a variety of perspectives, looking at who participates in them, how they function, and what impacts they have on local economies.

Table of Contents

Preface
1Introduction1
Definition of Foreign Exchange Black Markets1
Reasons for Their Existence3
Institutional Characteristics of Forex Black Markets4
Retail vs. Wholesale5
Types of Users6
Links to the Underground Economy7
Classification of Countries8
Main Questions to be Addressed in the Book8
2Historical and Cultural/Institutional Context of Foreign Exchange Black Markets in Latin America17
The Government as Impediment to International Business18
The Underground Economy in Latin America19
Foreign Exchange Black Markets from World War II to 197120
Foreign Exchange Black Markets During the 1970s and 1980s22
The Cultural Imperative of Black Markets23
3The Economics of Foreign Exchange Black Markets31
Macroeconomic Implications32
Market Characteristics37
Exchange Market Equilibrium and Efficiency43
Determination of the Black Market Exchange Rate43
Overall Welfare Implications47
4Argentina51
History52
Institutional Description of the Black Market (1987-1990)57
Costs and Risks in the Black Market64
Determinants of the Parallel Market Exchange Rate65
Economic Implications of the Black Market for Argentina69
5Brazil73
Historical Aspects and Profitability75
Foreign Exchange Policy: From 1973 to 199281
The Brazilian Foreign Exchange System and the Behavior of the Dollar in the Black Market97
Sources of Dollars for the Black Market101
The Model of the Black Market for Dollars105
Seasonal Factors110
Empirical Results of the Model111
6Colombia123
The Colombian Case123
Structure and Functioning of the Black Market125
Determination of the Black Market Exchange Rate132
Implications of the Black Market for Colombia136
7Jamaica143
Broad Characteristics of the Market144
Distinguishing Features of Jamaica's Black Market145
History of Foreign Exchange Markets146
Institutional Description of the Black Market, 1987-1991147
Costs and Risks in the Black Market160
Determination of the Exchange Rate161
8Peru169
Recent History of Peru's Foreign Exchange Markets170
Structure and Functioning of the Black Market in the late 1980s173
Determination of the Black Market Exchange Rate179
The Model180
Implications of the Black Market for Peru183
9Conclusions189
Country Notes190
Welfare Effects192
Black Markets in the 1990s194
Appendix195
Bibliography219
Index223

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