Authors: Christine Hogan
ISBN-13: 9780749444921, ISBN-10: 0749444924
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Kogan Page, Ltd.
Date Published: May 2007
Edition: (Non-applicable)
Tom Limoncelli is a noted system administrator and network engineer. He speaks at conferences around the world on topics ranging from firewall security to time management. He is the author of "Time Management for System Administrators" from O' Reilly. Tom is currently employed by Google. Strata R. Chalup is president and owner of VirtualNet, a technical project management and ISP/ASP architecture and deployment company. She resides in the San Francisco Bay area. Christine Hogan is a system administrator with ten years of experience. She recently completed her Ph.D. at Imperial College, London and is currently working as an aerodynamicist for the Sauber Petronas Formula 1 Racing Team.
Book Synopsis
Facilitators are being called upon to work in international and cross-cultural arenas more than ever before. "Facilitating Multicultural Groups" provides a practical approach for facilitators to enhance their skills when working with people from diverse backgrounds.
Table of Contents
About the author vi
Acknowledgements vii
Abbreviations viii
Introduction 1
Preparations with clients 9
Introduction 9
Preparation research 9
Generic cultural competencies framework 11
Cultural intelligence 16
What to take with you if working overseas 17
Customizing materials 18
What to check if going overseas 18
Arrival strategies 19
Use of local facilitation techniques and facilitators 24
Diversity checklist for workshop design 25
Getting to know and contracting with co-facilitators 30
Prior preparation by local counterparts 32
Planning workshop openings 32
Ending rituals and celebration 34
Formative evaluation 35
Long-term evaluation 38
Facilitator health and well-being 39
Workshop delivery 41
Introduction 41
Claiming the workshop space 41
Being prepared 42
Introductions 42
Clarifying individual roles 44
Contracting participants' needs and responsibilities 45
Cultural attitudes to technology 46
Creating physical safety 47
Creating cultural safety 47
Enhancing respect 49
Warm-up activities 52
Energizers 54
Room maintenance 55
Strategies to encourage networking 56
Strategies to provoke thinking 59
Processes to explore understanding of concepts 59
Processes to explore multiple realities and perception 61
Assumptions 64
Linking the parts of a workshop 70
Group formation 71
What if they don't understand? 72
Transference of learning 73
Motivating participants to read outside a workshop 75
Adapting processes to different cultural contexts 76
Stop-start role play 77
Power and empowerment in groups 81
Introduction 81
Power in groups 81
Modes of facilitation 83
Ladder of participation 84
Ladder of empowerment 87
Ladders of equity 89
Ladder of political safety, open and safe communication 96
Values in facilitation and participation 97
Uses of power and power bases 98
Empowering processes to harness positive thinking 100
Appreciative inquiry process 100
Strategies to enable multicultural teams to be more effective 107
Introduction 107
Cultural socialization 108
Characteristics of effective culturally diverse teams 111
Intercultural leadership 116
Intercultural sensitivity 116
Cultural mapping 117
The MBI model 118
Different interpretations of the word 'culture' 120
Purpose/rationale of the cultural values card pack 123
Explanations of cultural values cards 126
Sorting the cultural card pack 131
M: Mapping cultures with the card pack 133
B: Bridge-building processes and strategies 136
I: Integrating bridges into the existing system 137
Comparing cultural ideals and cultural realities 138
Other processes and strategies to map cultures 139
Previously mapped cultures 143
Behaviour cards 144
Cultural awareness in simulation activities 145
Mapping the cultures of stakeholders 146
Facilitative bridging strategies 151
Metaphors, stories, music and dance 159
Introduction 159
Metaphors 159
Stories 160
Inviting participants to tell their stories 161
Personal story process 163
Case studies created by outsiders 165
Case stories created by participants 166
Role-reversal stories through the eyes of 'the other' 171
Role-reversal stories to help participants to decentre 173
Music 173
Hints for facilitators 178
Processes involving music and sound 181
Dance 184
Visual techniques 185
Introduction 185
Group media (community-based media) 185
Flows of communication with pictures 186
Useful visual literacy research findings for facilitators 187
Pictures and cartoons as discussion starters 190
Facilitated discussion framework for picture analysis 192
Graphic facilitation 194
Mindscapes and concept drawing 195
Participants design pictures 200
Multi-purpose visuals 201
Picture card packs 203
Three-dimensional idea generation and development of prototypes 204
Empowering uses of participatory video 206
Resources for seeing things from different angles 208
How to avoid death by PowerPoint 211
Learning how to draw 211
Facilitating difference 213
Introduction 213
Constructive and destructive paths and choices 214
Ways of talking and listening 217
Facilitating dialogue in culturally diverse groups 221
Warm-up activity to identify sources of conflict 221
Raising awareness of assumptions and stereotypes 224
Perception and content assumptions and misunderstandings 232
When dialogue stops, learning stops 233
Use of superordinate goals to unite disparate groups 237
Facilitating cultural inclusivity 243
Holding up a mirror to the 'others' 248
Facilitating reconciliation 253
Introduction 253
Reconciliation and healing between cultures within a country: Australia 253
Reconciliation among refugees 264
Reconciliation and healing between cultures within a country: African examples 265
Language and silence 271
Introduction 271
The relationship between language and culture 271
Concepts do not always translate across cultures 275
Speech patterns 278
Different cultural interpretations of concepts 282
Different meanings and uses of silence 282
Hints for facilitators to 'facilitate or hold silence' 291
Facilitating with interpreters and translators 293
Introduction 293
Types of interpreting 293
Debriefing experiential learning activities 304
The mutual misunderstanding zone 304
Translating documents 307
Sample 'cultural values' cards 309
Behaviour cards 313
References 319
Index 331
Subjects