Authors: John Hutchinson, John Hutchinson
ISBN-13: 9780192892744, ISBN-10: 0192892746
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Date Published: December 1996
Edition: 1st Edition
Anthony D. Smith is Professor of Sociology at the LSE. John Hutchinson is Senior Lecturer in the Faculty of Humanities at Griffith University in Brisbane, where he teaches modern European history. Together they have edited the Oxford Reader on Nationalism (1994) which continues to be hugely successful.
Although the term "ethnicity" is recent, the sense of kinship, group solidarity, and common culture to which it refers is as old as the historical record. Ethnic communities have been present in every period and on every continent, and have played an important role in all societies. The sense of a common ethnicity remains a major focus of identification for individuals even today. Ethnic community and identity are also often associated with conflict, particularly with political struggles in various parts of the world. Yet there is no essential connection between ethnicity and conflict, and in many instances, relations may in fact be peaceful and cooperative.
This Oxford Reader offers explanations for the often contentious nature of ethnicity, its worldwide effects, and the possible means for overcoming conflicts. It includes extracts by all the major contributors to debates on ethnicity, including Weber, Brass, Hechter, and Horowitz, and focuses on ethnic groups in the Middle East, the Balkans, Africa, and North America, as well as other areas.
List of Maps | ||
Introduction | 3 | |
1 | Ethnicity and Minority Groups | 17 |
2 | History and Ethnicity | 18 |
3 | The Core Elements of Ethnicity | 24 |
4 | Ethnicity, Race, Class and Nation | 28 |
5 | The Origins of Ethnic Groups | 35 |
6 | Primordial Ties | 40 |
7 | The Poverty of Primordialism | 45 |
8 | The Inexpungeable Tie of Primordiality | 51 |
9 | Does Race Matter? | 57 |
10 | Ethnicity as Being, Doing and Knowing | 63 |
11 | Beyond Reason: The Nature of the Ethnonational Bond | 69 |
12 | Ethnic Groups and Boundaries | 75 |
13 | Ethnicity and Politics | 83 |
14 | Ethnic Groups and Ethnic Identity Formation | 85 |
15 | Ethnicity and Rational Choice Theory | 90 |
16 | The Actor's Model of Ethnic Relations | 98 |
17 | Pre-modern Polyethnicity and Ethnic Homogeneity | 107 |
18 | The Ancient Greeks and their Nation | 111 |
19 | The Cultural Roots of Modern Japan | 116 |
20 | Archetypal Diasporas | 120 |
21 | Language and Ethnicity in Medieval Europe | 127 |
22 | Beyond the Melting Pot | 135 |
23 | Ethnicity and Social Change | 138 |
24 | Symbolic Ethnicity | 146 |
25 | The Making of Black Identities | 155 |
26 | The New Ethnicities | 161 |
27 | Fictive Ethnicity and Ideal Nation | 164 |
28 | Civic and Ethnic Nations in France and Germany | 168 |
29 | Old Tribes and Imposed Nation-States in the Middle East | 174 |
30 | Middlemen Minorities | 179 |
31 | Chosen Peoples | 189 |
32 | Religion and Ethnicity | 197 |
33 | Orthodoxy and Nationalism | 202 |
34 | Ethnic and Political Nations in Europe | 209 |
35 | Diaspora and Language | 221 |
36 | Symbolic Ethnicity and Language | 227 |
37 | The Creation of Ethnicity in South Africa | 229 |
38 | The Plural Society | 238 |
39 | Multiculturalism in Europe | 241 |
40 | The Idea of 'Race' in Modern China | 245 |
41 | Pan-Africanism and European Imperialism | 254 |
42 | The Aryan Myth and Biblical Universalism | 259 |
43 | Genocide and the Plural Society | 262 |
44 | The Armenian Genocide and the Holocaust | 270 |
45 | Internal Colonialism | 278 |
46 | Ethnic Soldiers | 282 |
47 | Symbolic Politics and Ethnic Status | 285 |
48 | Indigenous Peoples and the State in Latin America | 291 |
49 | Ethnicity and Politics in Pakistan: The Baluch Case | 294 |
50 | The Politics of Ethnicity in India | 301 |
51 | Ethnicity, Nationalism and Democracy in South-East Asia | 305 |
52 | Women, Ethnicity, and Nationalism | 311 |
53 | Diasporas and International Relations | 316 |
54 | Self-Determination as an International Issue | 321 |
55 | Conflict-Regulation in Deeply Divided Societies | 326 |
56 | Eliminating and Managing Ethnic Differences | 333 |
57 | Post-Soviet Ethnic Conflict and International Politics | 341 |
58 | From Ethnic to Civic Nationalism: English Canada and Quebec | 348 |
59 | Ethnic Nationalism in the Late Twentieth Century | 355 |
60 | Australia: Multi-Ethnic Community Without Nationalism? | 358 |
61 | The Post-Modern Revival of Ethnicity | 367 |
62 | Globalization and Ethno-Cultural Differences | 370 |
63 | Ethnicity and Multiculturalism in Immigrant Societies | 374 |
Notes | 378 | |
Select Bibliography | 423 | |
Biographical Notes | 430 | |
Source Acknowledgements | 439 | |
Index | 443 |