Authors: Margaret A. Burkhardt, Alvita Nathaniel
ISBN-13: 9781418042745, ISBN-10: 1418042749
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Date Published: August 2007
Edition: 3rd Edition
Margaret a. Burkhardt, Ph.D., RN, CS, FNP is currently Director of Healing Matters, Beckley WV, and Family Nurse Practitioner at Gulf Family Practice, Sophia, West Virginia. She has practiced holistic nursing for over twenty years, and is an active memeber of the American Holistic Nurses Association. She has published numerous articles and co-authored two books on spirituality and holistic care.
Alvita Nathaniel is a Lecturer at the Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center of West Virginia University, School of Nursing.
This textbook for nursing students discusses ethical issues in the nursing profession and presents a model for making decisions about these types of issues. The volume begins with a discussion of ethical theories, models, and principles from classical and contemporary philosophy. A sampling of topics includes the ethical ramifications of such issues as accountability, codes of practice, domestic violence, informed consent, alternative health care traditions, gender issues, and the economics of health care. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Reviewer:Vicki Ann Moss, DNSc, MS, BSN, RN(University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh)
Description:This book describes and discusses ethical issues from a nursing perspective, taking into account contextual factors such as gender, the social, economic, and political climate, and personal and professional empowerment.
Purpose:According to the authors, this book has four purposes: to acknowledge that each person is a moral agent; to raise awareness of the factors involved in ethical decision making; to present a decision making model to be used to guide moral decisions; and to affirm that nursing is an ethically responsible profession.
Audience:The book is appropriate for both professional nurses and nursing students.
Features:The 20 chapters are grouped into four parts: Guides for Principled Behavior; Developing Principled Behavior; Principled Behavior in the Professional Domain; and Global Issues that Impinge on Nursing Practice. Additions include nurses' responsibility for global issues and discussions of stem cell research and cloning. Included in each chapter are case presentations, and Think About it and Ask Yourself boxes related to cutting-edge issues. There is a Web Tutor Toolbox for instructors and students including e-mail, chat, threaded discussions, PowerPoint and other features as well as an Electronic Classroom Manager for instructors which includes a test bank.
Assessment:This book is meant to be interactive and readers are encouraged to become very engaged while reflecting and questioning personal and professional options and values. It encompasses a myriad of ethical situations, and includes guides to help nurses in making moral decisions. It is an easy read while introducing provocative and stimulating questions for readers to ponder. The book could be used in a classroom or online format and could be adapted for undergraduate as well as graduate education.
Preface | xiii | |
Acknowledgments | xvi | |
Contributors | xvi | |
Part I | Guides for Principled Behavior | 1 |
Chapter 1 | Social, Philosophical, and Other Historical Forces Influencing the Development of Nursing | 2 |
Objectives | 2 | |
Introduction | 3 | |
The Influence of Social Need | 4 | |
Spiritual, Religious, and Gender Influences | 6 | |
The Modern Era | 15 | |
Summary | 17 | |
Chapter Highlights | 17 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 18 | |
References | 18 | |
Chapter 2 | Ethical Theory | 20 |
Objectives | 20 | |
Introduction | 21 | |
Philosophy | 23 | |
Morals/Ethics | 24 | |
Theories of Ethics | 26 | |
Summary | 37 | |
Chapter Highlights | 37 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 38 | |
References | 38 | |
Chapter 3 | Ethical Principles | 40 |
Objectives | 40 | |
Introduction | 41 | |
Autonomy | 41 | |
Beneficence | 48 | |
Nonmaleficence | 50 | |
Veracity | 51 | |
Confidentiality | 54 | |
Justice | 57 | |
Fidelity | 59 | |
Summary | 59 | |
Chapter Highlights | 60 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 60 | |
References | 62 | |
Part II | Developing Principled Behavior | 65 |
Chapter 4 | Values Clarification | 66 |
Objectives | 66 | |
Introduction | 67 | |
What Are Values? | 67 | |
Acquiring Values | 67 | |
Self-Awareness | 68 | |
Values in Professional Situations | 71 | |
Summary | 77 | |
Chapter Highlights | 77 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 78 | |
References | 78 | |
Chapter 5 | Values Development | 80 |
Objectives | 80 | |
Introduction | 81 | |
Transcultural Considerations in Values Development | 81 | |
Theoretical Perspectives of Values Development | 82 | |
Some Nursing Considerations | 87 | |
Summary | 89 | |
Chapter Highlights | 90 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 90 | |
References | 91 | |
Chapter 6 | Ethical Decision Making | 92 |
Objectives | 92 | |
Introduction | 93 | |
Moral/Ethical Problems | 93 | |
Making Decisions | 97 | |
Ethical Decision Making | 98 | |
Process of Ethical Decision Making | 100 | |
Applying the Decision-Making Process | 103 | |
Summary | 106 | |
Chapter Highlights | 106 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 106 | |
References | 107 | |
Part III | Principled Behavior in the Professional Domain | 109 |
Chapter 7 | Legal Issues | 110 |
Objectives | 110 | |
Introduction | 111 | |
Relationship Between Ethics and the Law | 111 | |
General Legal Concepts | 113 | |
Recent Legal Trends | 125 | |
Risk Management | 129 | |
Nurses as Expert Witnesses | 133 | |
Summary | 134 | |
Chapter Highlights | 134 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 135 | |
References | 136 | |
Chapter 8 | Professional Issues | 137 |
Objectives | 137 | |
Introduction | 138 | |
Professional Status | 138 | |
Expertise | 141 | |
Autonomy | 142 | |
Accountability | 145 | |
Authority | 149 | |
Unity | 150 | |
Summary | 152 | |
Chapter Highlights | 152 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 152 | |
References | 153 | |
Chapter 9 | Professional Relationship Issues | 155 |
Objectives | 155 | |
Introduction | 156 | |
Problem Solving in the Professional Realm | 156 | |
Nurses' Relationships with Institutions | 161 | |
Nurses' Relationships with Other Nurses | 164 | |
Nurses' Relationships with Physicians | 166 | |
Nurses' Relationships with Subordinates | 168 | |
Discrimination and Harassment | 169 | |
Summary | 174 | |
Chapter Highlights | 174 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 174 | |
References | 175 | |
Chapter 10 | Practice Issues Related to Technology | 177 |
Objectives | 177 | |
Introduction | 178 | |
Benefits and Challenges of Technology | 178 | |
Current Technology: Issues and Dilemmas | 180 | |
Nursing Practice in the Midst of Technology | 198 | |
Summary | 200 | |
Chapter Highlights | 201 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 202 | |
References | 202 | |
Suggested Readings | 204 | |
Chapter 11 | Practice Issues Related to Patient Self-Determination | 205 |
Objectives | 205 | |
Introduction | 206 | |
Autonomy and Paternalism | 206 | |
Informed Consent | 209 | |
Advance Directives | 213 | |
Choices Concerning Life and Health | 219 | |
Summary | 228 | |
Chapter Highlights | 228 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 229 | |
References | 230 | |
Chapter 12 | Scholarship Issues | 233 |
Objectives | 233 | |
Introduction | 234 | |
Academic Honesty | 234 | |
Research Issues and Ethics | 236 | |
Ethical Treatment of Data | 244 | |
Summary | 246 | |
Chapter Highlights | 246 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 246 | |
References | 247 | |
Part IV | Global Issues That Impinge on Nursing Practice | 249 |
Chapter 13 | Health Care Changes and Challenges | 250 |
Objectives | 250 | |
Introduction | 251 | |
A Brief History of Health Care Delivery: The Euro-American Experience | 251 | |
Health Care Perspectives: A Global Concern | 260 | |
Alternative Traditions of Health Care | 263 | |
Challenges for Rural and Urban Aggregates | 264 | |
Summary | 265 | |
Chapter Highlights | 266 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 266 | |
References | 267 | |
Suggested Readings | 268 | |
Chapter 14 | Health Policy Issues | 269 |
Objectives | 269 | |
Introduction | 270 | |
Political Issues | 270 | |
Health Policy | 272 | |
Nursing, Policy, and Politics | 279 | |
Lobbying | 282 | |
Summary | 285 | |
Chapter Highlights | 285 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 286 | |
References | 286 | |
Chapter 15 | Economic Issues | 288 |
Objectives | 288 | |
Introduction | 289 | |
Overview of Today's Health Care Economics | 289 | |
Distributive Justice | 291 | |
Recent Trends and Health Economic Issues | 296 | |
Summary | 300 | |
Chapter Highlights | 301 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 301 | |
References | 302 | |
Chapter 16 | Social Issues | 304 |
Objectives | 304 | |
Introduction | 305 | |
Social Issues | 305 | |
Ethical Principles Applied to Social Issues | 313 | |
Personal Impediments to Intervening with Vulnerable Groups | 315 | |
Social Issues and Scholarship | 316 | |
Summary | 317 | |
Chapter Highlights | 317 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 318 | |
References | 318 | |
Chapter 17 | Gender Issues | 321 |
Objectives | 321 | |
Introduction | 322 | |
Historical Perspectives and Overview of Gender-Based Issues | 322 | |
Gender and Race | 323 | |
Sex Discrimination in Nursing | 324 | |
Sexual Harassment in Nursing | 327 | |
Communication Issues Related to Gender | 329 | |
Modern Sexism | 331 | |
Sexual Orientation | 331 | |
Summary | 332 | |
Chapter Highlights | 333 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 333 | |
References | 334 | |
Chapter 18 | Transcultural and Spiritual Issues | 337 |
Objectives | 337 | |
Introduction | 338 | |
Transcultural Issues | 338 | |
Issues Related to Spirituality and Religion | 348 | |
Summary | 354 | |
Chapter Highlights | 354 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 355 | |
References | 356 | |
Part V | The Power to Make a Difference | 359 |
Chapter 19 | Empowerment for Nurses | 360 |
Objectives | 360 | |
Introduction | 361 | |
Influences on Nursing's Perceptions of Principled Practice | 361 | |
Understanding Power and Empowerment | 364 | |
Personal Empowerment | 366 | |
Professional Empowerment | 368 | |
Re-Visioning Nursing | 371 | |
Summary | 372 | |
Chapter Highlights | 373 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 373 | |
References | 374 | |
Chapter 20 | Enabling Patient Empowerment | 376 |
Objectives | 376 | |
Introduction | 377 | |
Patients and Empowerment | 377 | |
Nurses and Patient Empowerment | 377 | |
Enhancing Patient Capacity for Decision Making | 379 | |
Fostering Patient Empowerment | 380 | |
Summary | 381 | |
Chapter Highlights | 381 | |
Discussion Questions and Activities | 382 | |
References | 382 | |
Appendix A | Code of Ethics for Nurses (2001): American Nurses Association | 385 |
Appendix B | A Patient's Bill of Rights: American Hospital Association | 403 |
Appendix C | Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses: Canadian Nurses Association | 407 |
Appendix D | ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses | 415 |
Glossary | 417 | |
Index | 429 |