Education As Freedom » (New Edition)

Education as Freedom is a groundbreaking edited text that documents and reexamines African-American empirical, methodological, and theoretical contributions to knowledge-making, teaching, and learning and American education from the nineteenth through the twenty-first century, a dynamic period of African-American educational thought and activism. Education as Freedom is a long awaited text that historicizes the current racial achievement gap as well as illuminates the myriad of African American voices and actions to define the purpose of education and to push the limits of the democratic experiment in the United States.

Acknowledgments ix

Introduction: Education as Freedom: African American Educational Thought and Activism Noel S. Anderson Haroon Kharem xi

Part I From Bondage to Freedom: Early African American Educational Thought and Activism

Chapter 1 Medical Doctor, Integrationist, and Black Nationalist: Dr. James McCune Smith and the Dilemma of an Antebellum Intellectual Black Activist Haroon Kharem 3

Chapter 2 John Mercer Langston and the Shaping of African American Education in the Nineteenth Century Judith E. King-Calnek 27

Chapter 3 On Classical versus Vocational Training: The Educational Ideas of Anna Julia Cooper and Nannie Helen Burroughs Karen A. Johnson 47

Part II This Skin I'm In: African American Identity and Education

Chapter 4 Womanist Conceptualizations of African-Centered Critical Multiculturalism: Creating New Possibilities of Thinking about Social Justice Sabrina N. Ross 69

Chapter 5 The Performance Gap: Stereotype Threat, Assessment, and the Education of African American Children Eric A. Hurley 95

Chapter 6 Katherine Dunham: Decolonizing Dance Education Ojeya Cruz Banks 121

Part III Advancing the Race: African American Education and Social Progress

Chapter 7 Live the Truth: Politics and Pedagogy in the African American Movement for Freedom and Liberation Daniel Perlstein 137

Chapter 8 Black Schools, White Schools: Derrick Bell, Race, and the Failure of the Integration Ideal in Brown Noel S. Anderson 163

Chapter 9 Research for Liberation: Du Bois, the Chicago School, and the Development of Black Emancipatory Action Research A. A. Akom 193

Index 213

About the Editors and Contributors 225