Cardiovascular Diseases and Disorders »

Omnigraphics' Health Reference Series is designed for the general reader seeking guidance on how to avoid serious illness by following preventive lifestyles and recognizing early warning signs. It also supports the layperson who has received a diagnosis of a serious disease or disorder as well as the family member or nonprofessional caregiver who must learn to care and to cope with the illness. Each volume in the series deals comprehensively with a particular area of medical concern and contains material found in publications issued by the National Institutes of Health and other agencies and associations. Nowhere else can general readers find this information conveniently collected, coordinated, and indexed in book form.

Statistics indicate that cardiovascular diseases account for more than one third of all deaths in the United States. In addition, more than 80 million Americans live with one or more forms of cardiovascular disease, including heart disease, high blood pressure, heart failure, and stroke. Although cardiovascular disorders may sometimes produce sudden symptoms, such as chest or head pain, they may also develop silently, providing no warning of the heart and blood vessel damage being done. Fortunately, advances in disease detection, recommendations regarding lifestyle choices, new medications, and innovative treatments now make it possible to reduce-or even prevent-the disabling health consequences frequently associated with many common cardiovascular disorders.

Cardiovascular Disorders Sourcebook, Fourth Edition provides updated information about disorders of the heart and blood vessels. It offers anatomical facts, presents statistics, and identifies risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. It describes the treatment of common disorders, including angina, heart attack, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, valve disease, atherosclerosis, aneurysms, and congenital heart defects. In addition, it discusses diagnostic tests and concerns related to managing cardiovascular diseases with medicines, surgery, and lifestyle changes. The book concludes with a glossary and a directory of resources for further help and information.

Library Journal

In this update of Cardiovascular Diseases and Disorders Sourcebook (2005. 3d ed.), Sutton, who has edited several recent volumes of the "Health Reference" series (e.g., Complementary and Alternative Medicine Sourcebook), provides basic consumer health information about heart and vascular diseases and disorders. The first parts of the book introduce the anatomy and physiology of the heart, providing an overview of the etiology of cardiovascular disease, while the next few sections focus on heart and blood vessel diseases such as heart attacks, arrhythmias, stroke, and vasculitis. The remaining sections cover cardiovascular diseases in specific populations and how they are diagnosed, treated, and prevented. An appendix includes a glossary and a directory of organizations. The book's content is drawn from U.S. government agency websites such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, and health-related organizations such as the American Heart Association; each chapter begins with a reference to the source. The new edition has fewer chapters and is organized differently than its predecessor. For example, it does not include the healthy heart cookbook at the end; the section on cardiovascular diseases in specific populations includes men and minorities, not just women; and maintaining heart health is covered in the beginning of the book rather than toward the end. BOTTOM LINE This clearly presented resource has a reading level geared toward high school and above. Recommended for public libraries, especially those that own the previous editions. Readers may also be interested in Facts On File's The Encyclopedia of the Heart and Heart Disease (2010. 2d ed.) and Omnigraphics' Blood and Circulatory Disorders Sourcebook (2010. 3d ed.).—Rebecca Raszewski, Univ. of Illinois at Chicago

Preface xiii

Part I Introduction to Cardiovascular Disorders

Chapter 1 How the Heart Works 3

Chapter 2 Cardiovascular Disorders Statistics 13

Section 2.1 Heart Disease Statistics 14

Section 2.2 Stroke Statistics 17

Chapter 3 Overview of Cardiovascular Diso rder Risk Factors 19

Chapter 4 High Blood Pressure 27

Chapter 5 High Blood Cholesterol 37

Chapter 6 Conditions That Influence Cardiovascular Disorder Risk 47

Section 6.1 Depression and Heart Disease 48

Section 6.2 Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke 51

Section 6.3 Metabolic Syndrome and Heart Disease 55

Section 6.4 Periodontal and Cardiovascular Disease 58

Section 6.5 Sleep Apnea and Heart Disease 61

Section 6.6 Thyroid Disease Raises Risk of Heart Disease 63

Chapter 7 Stress and Cardiovascular Disorders 65

Chapter 8 Genetics and Cardiovascular Disorders 69

Chapter 9 How Aging Affects the Heart and Blood Vessels 75

Chapter 10 Warning Signs of Cardiovascular Disorders 83

Section 10.1 Heart Attack Warning Signs 84

Section 10.2 Orthostatic Hypotension: A Sign of a Heart Condition 85

Section 10.3 Heart Palpitations 86

Section 10.4 Signs of Stroke 90

Chapter 11 Cardiovascular Emergencies: How to Help 93

Section 11.1 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 94

Section 11.2 Automated External Defibrillators 97

Part II Heart Disease

Chapter 12 Coronary Artery Disease 103

Chapter 13 Angina 115

Chapter 14 Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) 125

Chapter 15 Sudden Cardiac Arrest 137

Chapter 16 Cardiogenic Shock 141

Chapter 17 Heart Failure 149

Chapter 18 Cardiomyopathy 155

Section 18.1 Overview of Cardiomyopathy 156

Section 18.2 Cardiomyopathy Often Cause of Sudden Death in Athletes 161

Chapter 19 Arrhythmias 163

Section 19.1 Overview of Arrhythmias 164

Section 19.2 Atrial Fibrillation 174

Section 19.3 Heart Block 178

Section 19.4 Long QT Syndrome 182

Chapter 20 Heart Valve Disease 185

Section 20.1 Overview of Heart Valve Disease 186

Section 20.2 Mitral Valve Prolapse 192

Section 20.3 Rheumatic Heart Disease 199

Chapter 21 Endocarditis 203

Chapter 22 Pericarditis 209

Chapter 23 Cardiac Tumor 215

Part III Blood Vessel Disease

Chapter 24 Atherosclerosis 221

Chapter 25 Carotid Artery Disease 231

Chapter 26 Coronary Microvascular Disease 239

Chapter 27 Stroke 245

Chapter 28 Aneurysm 253

Chapter 29 Peripheral Arterial Disease 261

Chapter 30 Raynaud Syndrome 267

Chapter 31 Vasculitis 273

Chapter 32 Deep Vein Thrombosis 283

Chapter 33 Other Vein Problems 291

Section 33.1 Chronic Venous Insufficiency 292

Section 33.2 Varicose and Spider Veins 294

Part IV Cardiovascular Disorders in Specific Populations

Chapter 34 Cardiovascular Disorders in Women 303

Section 34.1 Cardiovascular Disease: The Number One Killer of Women in the United States 304

Section 34.2 Heart Disease Deaths Decline in American Women 307

Section 34.3 Birth Control, Menopausal Hormone Therapy, and Heart Disease 308

Chapter 35 Cardiovascular Disorders in Men 311

Section 35.1 Facts about Men and Cardiovascular Disease 312

Section 35.2 Developmental Changes in Adolescence Raise Men's Heart Disease Risk 313

Section 35.3 Erectile Dysfunction Common among Men with Heart Disease 316

Chapter 36 Cardiovascular Disorders in Minorities 319

Section 36.1 Facts about Cardiovascular Disease in Minorities 320

Section 36.2 African Americans and Cardiovascular Disease 321

Section 36.3 Heart Failure before Age Fifty More Common in Blacks 322

Chapter 37 Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosed in Childhood and Adolescence 325

Section 37.1 Cardiac Disease in Children: Statistics 326

Section 37.2 Heart Murmurs 327

Section 37.3 Congenital Heart Defects 331

Part V Identifying Cardiovascular Disorders

Chapter 38 Blood Tests for Cardiovascular Disorders 339

Section 38.1 Overview of Blood Tests 340

Section 38.2 Biomarkers to Predict Cardiovascular Event Risk 348

Section 38.3 C-Reactive Protein and Cardiovascular Disease Risk 349

Section 38.4 Homocysteine Levels and Cardiovascular Disease 350

Chapter 39 Echocardiography 353

Chapter 40 Electrocardiogram 361

Chapter 41 Exercise Stress Test (Treadmill Test) 365

Chapter 42 Holter and Event Monitors 373

Chapter 43 Coronary Angiography 383

Chapter 44 Cardiac Computed Tomography 387

Chapter 45 Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging 393

Chapter 46 Coronary Calcium Scan 399

Chapter 47 Carotid Ultrasound 403

Chapter 48 Nuclear Heart Scan 407

Part VI Managing Cardiovascular Disorders

Chapter 49 Cardiovascular Specialists and Your Health Care 415

Chapter 50 Medications for Cardiovascular Disease 419

Section 50.1 Anticoagulant Therapy Helps Blood Flow More Easily 420

Section 50.2 Aspirin for Reducing the Risk of Heart Attack or Stroke 426

Section 50.3 Blood Pressure Medications 429

Section 50.4 Digoxin 441

Section 50.5 Nitroglycerin for Chest Pain 443

Section 50.6 Statins to Control Cholesterol 448

Section 50.7 Stroke Medications 451

Chapter 51 Cardiac Catheterization 453

Chapter 52 Catheter Ablation 459

Chapter 53 Cardioversion 465

Chapter 54 Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators 469

Chapter 55 Pacemakers 477

Chapter 56 Stents 483

Section 56.1 What Are Stents? 484

Section 56.2 Patients Who Receive Medicine-Coated Stents Have Lower Risk of Death 492

Chapter 57 Heart Surgery 495

Section 57.1 Overview of Heart Surgery 496

Section 57.2 Heart Valve Surgery 504

Chapter 58 Coronary Angioplasty 507

Chapter 59 Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting 513

Chapter 60 Carotid Endarterectomy 521

Chapter 61 Total Artificial Heart Surgery 525

Chapter 62 Heart Transplants 531

Chapter 63 Cardiac Rehabilitation 541

Chapter 64 Getting Back into Your Life after a Heart Attack 549

Chapter 65 Poststroke Rehabilitation 553

Chapter 66 The Future of Cardiovascular Disorder Treatment: Stem Cell Research 559

Part VII Preventing Disease and Regaining Cardiovascular Health

Chapter 67 Weight Management 565

Chapter 68 Physical Activity and Heart Health 571

Chapter 69 Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health 581

Section 69.1 What Is Heart-Healthy Eating? 582

Section 69.2 Lower Blood Pressure with the DASH Eating Plan 586

Chapter 70 Dietary Supplements and Cardiovascular Health 591

Section 70.1 Omega-3 Fatty Acids 592

Section 70.2 Cardiovascular Benefits of Fish Oil Canceled by High-Fat Diet 594

Section 70.3 Garlic and Cholesterol 596

Section 70.4 Vitamin D and Heart Disease 597

Section 70.5 Vitamin E 600

Chapter 71 Quitting Smoking: Why to Quit and How to Get Help 603

Chapter 72 Alcohol and Heart Disease: Learning Healthier Behaviors 607

Chapter 73 Stress Management 613

Part VIII Additional Help and Information

Chapter 74 Glossary of Terms Related to Cardiovascular Disease 621

Chapter 75 Directory of Organizations That Provide Information about Cardiovascular Disease 627

Index 639