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American Media History (with InfoTrac ) » (1st Edition)

Book cover image of American Media History (with InfoTrac ) by Anthony Fellow

Authors: Anthony Fellow, John William Tebbel
ISBN-13: 9780534644017, ISBN-10: 0534644015
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Date Published: June 2004
Edition: 1st Edition

Author Biography: Anthony Fellow

ANTHONY R. FELLOW, Ph.D., chair of the Department of Communications at California State University, Fullerton, was a daily newspaper reporter and editor for ten years before earning his doctorate at the Annenberg School of Communication, University of Southern California, where he also has served as an adjunct professor. He is co-author of the COPY EDITORS HANDBOOK FOR NEWSPAPERS and NEWS WRITING IN A MULTIMEDIA WORLD. He has more than 10 years of professional journalism experience as a reporter, copy editor and assistant city editor.

Book Synopsis

Fellow (California State U., Fullerton) examines journalists and their contributions to the American mass media in twelve primarily chronological chapters ranging from the colonial years to the present. Topics include the role of the press in the American revolution, the rise of metropolitan newspaper, the effects of the free African American press, examples of censorship in the Civil War, the power of yellow journalism and the muckrakers, and the changes in content and delivery wrought by film, radio, and television. The final chapter covers some recent events and the media which sought to explain them. Includes an annotated bibliography. Annotation ©2004 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

	Preface	XV
	Introduction: Before the American Experience	1
	The Impact of the Printing Press	2
	The Printing Press in Early England	5
	John Milton and British Roots of Free Expression	8
	Thomas Hobbes and John Locke	9
	"Cato's Letters"	10
	Conclusion	11
	Media Profile: Johannes Gutenberg	2
I	1690-1833 The Press in Early America	13
1	The Colonial Years	15
	Printing in British America	17
	Benjamin Harris, Printer	20
	John Campbell, Favored Printer	21
	James Franklin, Rebel Printer	22
	Benjamin Franklin, Cautious Printer	27
	Tests of Press Freedom	29
	Anna Zenger and Colonial Women of the Press	35
	Conclusion	37
	Media Profile: Benjamin Franklin	26
2	The Press and the Revolution	38
	A Reluctant Revolution	39
	The Seven Years' War	39
	The Stamp Act of 1765	40
	Voices on the Road to Revolution	42
	James Rivington, the Tory Voice	43
	Hugh Gaine, Turncoat Editor	45
	John Dickinson, the Whig Voice	48
	Isaiah Thomas, the Patriot Voice	49
	Samuel Adams, the "Master of the Puppets"	50
	Edes and Gill's Boston Gazette	52
	The Sons of Liberty	55
	Declaration of Independence	58
	Newspapers as a Revolutionary Force	59
	The Revolutionary War's Impact on the Press	60
	Freedom of the Press	61
	Conclusion	63
	Media Profile: Thomas Paine	46
	Media Profile: Samuel Adams	52
3	The Press and the Founding of a Nation	65
	The Bill of Rights and Press Freedom	67
	The Federalists and Federalist Editors	69
	The Federalist Editors: Fenno, Cobbett, and Russell	71
	The Anti-Federalists and Anti-Federalist Editors	72
	Anti-Federalist Editors: Freneau and Bache	72
	The Role of the Press in Political Coverage	76
	Washington and the Press	76
	Adams and the Press	78
	Jefferson and the Press	79
	Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798	79
	The Party Press in Retrospect	81
	Conclusion	82
	Media Profile: Philip Freneau	74
II	1833-1865 A New Politics, A New Press	85
4	A Press for the Masses	87
	A Very Different Newspaper	88
	Benjamin Day and the New York Sun	88
	James Gordon Bennett and the New York Herald	90
	James Gordon Bennett as Innovator	92
	James Gordon Bennett and the Great Moral War	95
	Horace Greeley and the New York Tribune	97
	The New York Tribune	100
	Editorial Influence of the "Great Moral Organ"	102
	The Penny Press and the Mexican War	104
	Henry Jarvis Raymond and the New York Times	107
	Why a Press for the Masses?	109
	Conclusion	111
	Media Profile: William Cullen Bryant	99
	Media Profile: Andrew Jackson	108
III	1865-1900 The Age of New Journalism	113
5	A Divided Nation, a Divided Media	117
	Roots of the Conflict	118
	Before the Storm	119
	William Lloyd Garrison and the Liberator	120
	Lovejoy, Birney, and Tappan	121
	The Black Press	123
	Frederick Douglass and The North Star	125
	The Press on the Eve of War	127
	The Civil War Press in the North	128
	Women Correspondents of the North	129
	The Civil War Press in the South	130
	Magazines of the North and the South	132
	Lincoln and the Press	133
	Lincoln and Greeley	137
	Censorship and the Civil War	138
	"Mob Censorship"	139
	Censorship by Armies	140
	Impact of the Civil War on the Press	142
	The Civil War and the Practice of Journalism	144
	Conclusion	148
	Media Profile: Harriet Beecher Stowe	122
	Media Profile: Jane Grey Cannon Swisshelm	130
6	The Yellow Press and the Times	150
	Newspapers as Public Defenders	151
	Joseph Pulitzer	154
	The St. Louis Post-Dispatch	155
	The New York World	156
	Pulitzer's New Journalism	160
	Pulitzer's Sunday World	163
	Yellow Journalism	164
	William Randolph Hearst	165
	The San Francisco Examiner	166
	The New York Morning Journal	167
	The Spanish-American War of 1898	169
	Press Coverage of the War	170
	McKinley's Assassination	173
	Adolph Ochs and the New York Times	176
	Conclusion	178
	Media Profile: Nellie Bly	158
	Media Profile: Robert S. Abbott	174
7	Magazines, Muckraking, and Public Relations	181
	Robber Barons on the Rise	181
	Enter the Muckrakers	182
	Muckraking Magazines	184
	Ida Tarbell	187
	Lincoln Steffens	189
	David Graham Phillips	190
	Upton Sinclair	192
	Muckraking's Impact	195
	The Death of Muckraking	197
	Digests and Newsmagazines	197
	The Birth of Public Relations	205
	Ivy Lee	209
	Edward L. Bernays	211
	Expansion of Corporate Public Relations	213
	Conclusion	214
	Media Profile: Upton Sinclair	194
	Media Profile: Margaret Bourke-White	200
	Media Profile: P. T. Barnum	206
IV	1900-1950 Media Promises in a Technological Society	217
8	American Film	219
	Motion Picture Experimentation	220
	Story-Telling Motion Pictures	223
	D. W. Griffith and the Art of Filmmaking	224
	Mack Sennett Defines Film Comedy	226
	Hollywood	227
	Economic Expansion of the Motion Picture Business	229
	Film as a Social and Political Power	230
	Sound Motion Pictures	232
	Period Films Reflect Politics and Society	234
	Challenges to the Motion Picture Industry	235
	Conclusion	244
	Media Profile: Thomas Ince	228
	Media Profile: Louis B. Mayer	236
9	Radio and Its Promises	245
	Scientific Achievements and the Rise of Communications Giants	246
	Radio Stations	254
	Radio Financing	256
	Formation of the Networks	256
	Radio Programming	259
	Political Broadcasting	261
	World War II and Radio Broadcasting	265
	Regulation of Radio Broadcasting	268
	Radio Broadcasting in Transition	272
	Talk, Talk, Talk	273
	Social and Political Impact of Radio	274
	Conclusion	275
	Media Profile: Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt	262
	Media Profile: Ernie Pyle	266
10	Television: Progress and Problems	277
	Early TV Inventors	278
	Zworykin, Sarnoff, and Farnsworth	279
	Television Arrives	282
	Postwar Television	282
	The Color War	283
	Early TV Entertainment	285
	Quiz Show Scandals	287
	Television News	290
	Edward R. Murrow	291
	60 Minutes	301
	TV News Expands	305
	The Media and Civil Rights	306
	Conclusion	308
	Media Profile: Walter Cronkite	302
	Media Profile: Barbara Walters	304
V	1950-Present Media Challenges in a Changing World	311
11	Advertising as a Social and Political Force	313
	A Special Rhetoric	314
	Early American Advertising	315
	The Development of the Advertising Agency	318
	Ethical Considerations	320
	Evolution of Advertising Copywriting	323
	Advertising as a Social Force	329
	Advertising as a Political Force	332
	Television	333
	Conclusion	334
	Media Profile: Mary Wells Lawrence	330
12	The Media and National Crises	336
	Journalists' Changing Values	337
	Vietnam	338
	Watergate	344
	The "Pentagon Papers"	345
	The Break-in	346
	The Cover-up	347
	Nixon and the Press	349
	The Post-Watergate Pardon	352
	Middle East Crisis	354
	The Iran Crisis	355
	America's New Dawn--Or So the Ads Said	357
	The Struggle for Access	359
	Grenada and Press Control	361
	Iran-Contra Scandal	362
	"The New World Order"	363
	The Gulf War and Press Access	365
	Tabloidization of the Media	366
	"A New Kind of Enemy"	369
	Embedded Reporters in Iraq	371
	Conclusion	373
	Media Profile: Helen Thomas	350
	Media Profile: I. F. Stone	358
	Endnotes	375
	Annotated Bibliography	401
	Index	00