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The Claim of Dispossession: Jewish Land-Settlement and the Arabs 1878–1948 1st Edition

4.4 4.4 out of 5 stars 16 ratings

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This study sheds new light on the historic background of the contemporary Palestinian problem. Avneri traces the spread of Jewish settlements over the seventy-year period before the establishment of the State of Israel, in order to see how it affected the existing Arab community's economy and social and cultural institutions. He demonstrates that there is no historical evidence for the eviction of the Palestinians from Israel previous to the founding of the state. Most of those who left afterwards did so on their own volition.
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About the Author

Arieh L. Avneri

Product details

  • ASIN ‏ : ‎ 0878559647
  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ Routledge; 1st edition (January 30, 1982)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Paperback ‏ : ‎ 304 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 1847490476
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-1847490476
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 1.05 pounds
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 6 x 0.69 x 9 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.4 4.4 out of 5 stars 16 ratings

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4.4 out of 5 stars
4.4 out of 5
16 global ratings

Top reviews from the United States

Reviewed in the United States on August 23, 2013
For all those who claim a "Palestinian state" or a "Palestininan people" existed before the jews came back to the area, this book is of the utmost importance. It shows clearly, and proofs with data, that no such thing as a Palestinian state/people ever existed in the area. The Arab inhabitants were a loose populace, fighting each other, flowing in and out and all suffering of the 10 percent of Bedouines that would rob and steal wherever they saw fit. Another bad factor in the area were the fuedal overlords who would mericilessly scheme with the weak Ottoman government and the money lenders to take the land away from the small landowners.
7 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on August 16, 2018
If you want to know the truth of the state of the Middle East during Zionist Pre-State Israel, this is an essential source.
3 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on March 24, 2007
Not an easy or pleasant read, but Avneri is a stickler for documentation, maps and specifics. His modest and cautious conclusions all the more potent as a result - the majority of Palestinian Arabs are migrant workers of a few generations or less.

Those who contest the veracity of the book would do well to give specific examples of factual errors with page references (and perhaps in Ed Smith's case to read the book more carefully first - it was published in 1984, and he doesn't cite Peters once).
14 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on May 17, 2007
This book is a result of painstaking and indepth research which exposes the lie of Islamic and far-left propagandists that the Arabs of the Holy Land were dispossessed of their land, by the Zionist movement, prior to the refoundation of the State of Israel.
By comprehensive sourcing of the documenatation available from between 1878 and 1948, Avneri proves that most of those Arabs that lived in Palestine in 1948, were descendants of migrants over the previous hundred years, from Egypt, Syria, Transjordan, Iraq, Libya, Sudan, Turkey, the Caucuses, Persia, Bosnia and elsewhere.
He essentially reminds us of the roots of the conflict between Israel and the Arab world.
In the intitial chapter he proves the massive Egyptian colonization of Palestine, during the 19th century, and how the Egyptians founded hundreds of settlements across the Holy Land. The Egyptians displaced a number of Druze, who had indeed been living in Palestine for centuries, unlike the Arabs. During the British mandate, a large number of migrants came to Palestine from the Hauran region of Syria. They were attracted by the development and employment by the Zionist enterprises, as well as being given incentives by the British, who reneged on their 1917 promise of a Jewish homeland in the ancient Land of Israel.
Avneri carefully details the population flow and ebb, and explains, through careful documentation, and calculation, how the massive increase in Moslem population during the last decades of Ottoman rule, and during the British mandate, could not have been the result of natural increase.
During the pogroms against Jews in the Holy Land, by the Arabs, in 1920, 1921, 1929 and 1936-1939, many mercenaries came to help spread terror against the Jewish returnees, especially from Lebanon and Syria.
A large part of the book describes how the land was bought with huge sums, by the Jews, from absentee Arab landlords and Arab tribes, but still the Jews did all they could to help the Arabs there farm the land, and contributed to health, education and development of the Arab populations.
The many transactions are carefully, and in detail, recorded by Avneri.
He speaks of the extreme idealism of the Jewish settlers, who turned desert and swamp into productive land, as it was in ancient times, before the Romans expelled the Jews from their homeland.
'The Jewish settler looked upon himself as coming to conquer the desert, and redeem the land from it's desolate state...He was going to turn the curse of the unoccupied land into a blessing".With extreme fairness, even after they had bought the land, the Zionists strove to "enable the tenant farmer to settle on part of the land which will remain in their hands, adjacent to plots purchased by the Zionist agencies, and to give them, in addition to the land, sums of money, to develop intensive agriculture".

The author then go's on to describe the 1948 War of Independence and describes how hundreds of thousands of Arabs were commanded by their leaders to leave Palestine and did so, to make way for Arab armies to sweep in an anihilate the Jews.
"Jewish resistance to the threat of anihilation and the rout of several Arab armies turned the myth of Arab displacement, fostered by the Arab leaders, into tragic reality. Hundreds of thousands of Arabs were uprooted from their homes, as the Palestinian irregulars retreated and the regular armies of the Arab states fled. Flight and exile were the bitter fruits of a war that the Arab leadership had initiated, and not the result of a calculated Zionist policy of displacement and uprooting."
He also proves how many of the Arab refugees were in fact returning to their old villages of the Arab countries they had come from, after having only a lived in the Land of Israel, for a few years.
Avneri also details the hundreds of thousands of Jewish refugees who fled from Arab lands, after the pogroms initiated against defenceless Jewish communities across the Arab world, in revenge for the refoundation of the State of Israel.
As the author concludes, Zionism as a movement for the rennaisance and liberation of the Jewish people sought to achieve it's goal by contstructive deeds. As a matter of last resort the Jews took to arms to defend their very lives..."
As regards those who dispute the findings of the book, they are underpinned by very carefully researched evidence, that are available in the footnotes.
Anyone who actually stuides the evidence will not be able to fault Avneri's foundings.
This book was written in Hebrew, four years before Joan Peter's From Time Immemorial.
Both books are vital to understand the real facts and events behind the Arab-Israeli conflict.
12 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on August 9, 2002
...The book is divided into three parts, each of which examines and challenges articles of faith of Palestinian-Arab nationalists. The first part deals with one of the most talked-of of the lot (next to the claim that most of the Palestinian refugees were expelled), namely the claim that the Palestinian Arabic-speaking population have lived in the area since the beginning of the Arab conquest.
Avneri demonstrates that, far from being an island of serenity in which few came in or out, and in which the population had enjoyed relative peace for centuries, the Arabs in Palestine in the 19th century were "a tiny remnant of a volatile population which had been in constant flux as a result of unending wars [and other factors such as disease]''. The population that had been in the country for a relatively long while was dying out and immigrating elsewhere, while immigrants from all over, and especially from neighboring countries such as Egypt and Trans-Jordan poured in before and after the advent of Zionist settlement. Palestine was both a hot plate and a magnet-the people already living there couldn't stay in (and alive) and immigrants couldn't stay out.
Avneri demonstrates this in a methodical manner-showing exactly when there was immigration into the country, the reasons for it, such as flight for political reasons and economic opportunity, and where the immigrants settled, as well as the factors in the decline of the existing population already there. I think that it can be safely said that if the population was this volatile during the previous centuries, or more, the claim of perpetual residence for 1300 years can not stand up to scrutiny as an a priori axiom, as it has up until now.
The second part, which represents the bulk of the book, takes on the claim that the Zionists dispossessed the poor Arab rural population & ruined their economy. In a methodical and detailed, if somewhat dry, manner, Avneri shows that:
1) The areas of Zionist settlement were not densely populated nor the land fully cultivated.
2) Zionist work increased economic opportunity and actually attracted Arabs from neighboring countries, in addition to improving the economic lot of the Arabs already present.
3) Except in a small minority of cases, most Arabs were amply indemnified for the land, and even offered plots of land elsewhere. The fellaheen/sharecroppers became landless of their own free will, preferring cash payment rather than eventual ownership of the land they worked after a few years of renting the plot.
The third and final part of the book deals with the question of the Palestinian-Arab refugees, and it is here that I have to complain that while the other two sections feel solid and meticulous, this part seems rushed. It almost feels that the refugee chapter was added as an afterthought...
66 people found this helpful
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Top reviews from other countries

dr david murray
4.0 out of 5 stars Essentail reference book for those interested in Israel and the Palestinians
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on March 15, 2013
A detailed study of the land transactions between Arab and Jew before the birth of Israel and a timely reminder that the indigenous population always included Jews that few Palestinains were evicted from their land or had to leave Palestine until the Arab armies attacked the new state in 1948.
5 people found this helpful
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