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The American Civil War: A Military History Paperback – Large Print, October 20, 2009

4.3 4.3 out of 5 stars 600 ratings

For the past half century, John Keegan, the greatest military historian of our time, has been returning to the scenes of America’s most bloody and wrenching war to ponder its lingering conundrums: the continuation of fighting for four years between such vastly mismatched sides; the dogged persistence of ill-trained, ill-equipped, and often malnourished combatants; the effective absence of decisive battles among some two to three hundred known to us by name. Now Keegan examines these and other puzzles with a peerless understanding of warfare, uncovering dimensions of the conflict that have eluded earlier historiography.

While offering original and perceptive insights into psychology, ideology, demographics, and economics, Keegan reveals the war’s hidden shape—a consequence of leadership, the evolution of strategic logic, and, above all, geography, the Rosetta Stone of his legendary decipherments of all great battles. The American topography, Keegan argues, presented a battle space of complexity and challenges virtually unmatched before or since. Out of a succession of mythic but chaotic engagements, he weaves an irresistible narrative illuminated with comparisons to the Napoleonic Wars, the First World War, and other conflicts.

The American Civil War
is sure to be hailed as a definitive account of its eternally fascinating subject.


From the Hardcover edition.
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Editorial Reviews

Review

Acclaim for John Keegan's THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR

“Keegan excels at explaining the events and circumstances leading up to the Civil War, and explores how it might not have happened. He depicts with great clarity the haphazard nature in which both governments and armies entered the war. Keegan describes President Abraham Lincoln’s frustrations with his generals with such realism that you almost have a sense of being there with Lincoln….an intimate description of Robert E. Lee’s surrender [is] one of the best I have read. Here, Keegan shows his talents as a historian as he states that Americans recognize the Civil War as ‘the struggle which completed the Revolution and made possible the realism of the ideals on which the Founding Fathers launched the Republic in the 1770s.’ Amen….This British historian has thereby nailed the American psyche’s captivation with its Civil War.”
            James T. Course,
Times Higher Education
 
“Written in crisp prose [with] a confident, distinctive voice…insightful [and] amusing….On matters of grand strategy Keegan is at his best. He comprehends the Civil War as a whole, as a war won or lost in the vast western theater, and one in which the winners were those few generals, along with Abraham Lincoln, who developed a ‘geostrategic appreciation,’ a national rather than local understanding, of the conflict….Keegan’s own geographic range inspires comparative insights that will prod….Keegan’s exploration of how and why the war was fought the way it was fought leaves us much to ponder.”
            David W. Blight,
Slate
 
“an impressive body of ideas for specialists and general readers alike to ponder.”
            Dennis Showalter,
American History Magazine
 
“Even buffs steeped in the subject will find value in Keegan’s observations and conclusions, especially about the nature of battle….The one-volume approach is refreshing and, these days, unusual.”
            Joe Mysak,
Bloomberg News
 
“an intelligent survey of the conflict….Keegan offers many trenchant asides….is shrewd about Ulysses Grant’s ability to leverage ‘evolving technologies’ [and] draws an interesting parallel between the approaches of Stonewall Jackson and the German World War II leader, Erwin Rommel….Keegan is fresh, stimulating and even provocative.”
            Alan Cate,
Cleveland Plain Dealer

“[A]ssiduously researched and comprehensive…Keegan gives us a vivid, panoramic overview of dynamic, mid-19th century America…. Besides providing an insightful description of the more urban, industrial North and the slaveholding, agricultural South, Keegan takes us on an authoritative grand tour of Civil War battles…. He has walked these killing grounds [which] he clearly and knowingly describes…. Keegan pays close attention to the geography and logistics of battles and how they related to grand military strategy….Aside from the cinematic battle descriptions, Keegan delves deeply into the psychological makeup of the leading generals…. he is able to examine American history more objectively and with insights that might elude an American historian.…Written for the general reader,
The American Civil War is a wonderfully concise, comprehensive and insightful work. It is also heartfelt history.”
            Chris Patsilelis,
Philadelphia Inquirer
 
“Keegan takes the long view of [the Civil War], putting it into broad historical context amid history’s great conflicts, from the Napoleonic wars and World War I to Vietnam.”
            Dwight Garner,
New York Times 

“[Keegan] applies his outstanding grasp on the nature of human conflict to offer a fresh evaluation of the American Civil War….Among the numerous areas he explores are psychology, ideology, and demographics, but most tellingly, the role of geography in the unfolding course of the war.”
            Nicholas Basbanes,
Fine Books Magazine
 
“[T]houghtful, incisive, and so much more than repetitious accounts of which regiment went where…. From the first paragraph it is evident that this is a thoughtful work…. [Keegan] breaks down the elements of battle in the war, noting the unusual fact that they were so frequent compared to other wars of the time, and so intense, and ponders how a single democratic society could produce such a ferocious intensity of war against itself….cogent, well-argued and insightful book, which approaches so much of the story from a vantage different than that of most of our Civil War scholarship.”
            William C. Davis,
The Military Book Club
 
“[In t]his sophisticated survey….Keegan places battle strategy at the core of his narrative but does not get mired in the sandbox of the mechanics of war. His balanced interpretation illuminates changes shaped by combat, but his analysis moves beyond battlefield outcomes….With fluid assurance Keegan distils the challenging literature that has made the Civil War one of the 19th century’s most popular subjects [and] weaves together America’s rebirth of freedom with the transformative powers of a war that turned home guards into warriors when citizen soldiers replaced professional combatants…. Keegan’s encyclopaedic knowledge pays rich dividends, as he invokes examples, from Waterloo to the Somme, from Sherlock Holmes to Churchill [while his] asides offer fresh insight…. The precision and punch of Keegan’s narrative will please a broad audience.”
            Catherine Clinton,
BBC History Magazine

“Keegan’s observations on the human and logistic factors are fascinating [and] contain the essence of what made the war different. Keegan’s lifelong study of war and engagement with American history from his earliest years endow his prose with a majesty of judgment….it is hard to see how Keegan’s masterful and thought-provoking book could be beaten.”
           Allan Mallinson,
The Times (London)

“Instead of adding to the pile of chronicles of the American Civil War, [Keegan] has written a critique of them, from the point of view of a deep-thinking, distinguished military historian [with] penetrating insight, a trenchant style and unexpected angles of approach….a delightful conceit, elegantly executed….The emphasis on geography is…most original….full of unexpected treasures….All Civil War buffs will enjoy this study and learn something from it.”
            Hugh Brogan,
Telegraph (London)

“One of our finest military historians, Keegan brings a shrewd and discerning eye to [the Civil War]…. [Keegan’s] grasp of how the generals wrested to formulate grand strategy in a context of evolving resources, an uncertain appreciation of topography in the absence of good maps, and definitive developments on the battlefield [exemplify his] commanding grasp of warfare in the modern era.
The American Civil War derives much of its freshness from the author’s broad perspective across time and place.”
            Richard Carwardine,
Literary Review
 
“Sir John’s achievement is to bring an international perspective….As well as looking back at European influences, Sir John looks forward to how the civil war changed European warfare.”
           
Economist
 
“one of the world’s most eminent military historians….[presents] a new overview of what can truly be regarded as the first modern war….In its range and sweep, this book is difficult to better and promises to become the definitive account of the conflict from this side of the Atlantic.”
            John Crossland,
Daily Mail
 
“[The] leading military historian of the English-speaking world….has now turned this hand to writing a comprehensive military history of the American Civil War….rich and nutritious book….fascinating….excellent portraits of all the principal commanders on both sides….every page of this book is incisive and readable. Even American experts on this terrible and absorbing conflict will learn much from Keegan’s account of it.”
            Paul Johnson,
Standpoint
  
“a captivating narrative, huge in scope.”
            Elizabeth Grice,
Telegraph

“engaging….The master of military history [writes] a highly readable overview of the war that goes far beyond merely describing who fought where. Through Keegan’s book, one gains an understanding of why the battles happened as they did, where they did, and how they fit into the whole story of the war and its resulting influe...

About the Author

John Keeganwas for many years senior lecturer in military history at the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst, and has been a fellow at Princeton University and a visiting professor of history at Vassar College. He is the author of twenty books, including the acclaimed The Face of Battle and The Second World War. He is the defense editor of The Daily Telegraph (London). He lives in Wiltshire, England.


From the Hardcover edition.

Product details

  • ASIN ‏ : ‎ 0739327445
  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ Random House Large Print; Large Print edition (October 20, 2009)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Paperback ‏ : ‎ 720 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 9780739327449
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0739327449
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 1.71 pounds
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 6.15 x 1.22 x 9.19 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.3 4.3 out of 5 stars 600 ratings

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John Keegan
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John Keegan's books include The Iraq War, Intelligence in War, The First World War, The Battle for History, The Face of Battle, War and Our World, The Masks of Command, Fields of Battle, and A History of Warfare. He is the defense editor of The Daily Telegraph (London). He lives in Wiltshire, England.

Customer reviews

4.3 out of 5 stars
4.3 out of 5
600 global ratings

Top reviews from the United States

Reviewed in the United States on July 13, 2023
I started reading this book to learn more about American Civil War History. The book fulfilled all my goals. It provides an excellent review of Civil War generals, battles and politics. I highly recommend it!
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Reviewed in the United States on December 6, 2009
For students of military history, John Keegan needs no introduction. If you're reading this review, you know who he is. So it was with great surprise that I discovered he had written a history of the American Civil War, the war that first got me into military history in elementary school. Having long ago moved on from the subject to specialize in other areas, I enjoyed revisiting the Civil War as I read it. I then turned to other reviews--including McPherson's in the New York Times--and became concerned.

But first, this is what Keegan tries to do: the first chunk of the book is topical, treating a number of special issues with pre-war relevance, such as geography, life in the various parts of the antebellum United States, and the state of the American military. Keegan's reach is so broad that to subtitle this book "A Military History" is really a disservice to the book, since it treats a lot more areas than the military. The second part of the book is a roughly chronological treatment of the war itself. The third is another topical section, in which Keegan discusses issues that arose as the war went on--wounds and medicine, the war in the arts, the role of African-Americans, and so forth. He wraps up with Appomattox Courthouse.

I freely admit that the quality of the book is uneven. The most noticeable problem as I read it was the choppy editing. The book is very repetitious. At first I thought it might be helpful for the general reader, but by the end so much information had been repeated that I was getting impatient each time I recognized things I'd already read. A few chapters are inexplicably constructed like this: first, Keegan describes a battle and its results in general terms, and immediately follows with a detailed description of the battle. This structure gives his chapters on the war in the west a loop-da-loop feeling that was odd, to say the least. And there are factual errors. According to specialists on the Civil War, a lot of them. Looking at a number of them after having read the book, I'd agree with James McPherson in that they are probably the result of carelessness or sloppy research, but had the book been edited properly most of them should have been caught before the book went to press. A number of reviewers on Amazon have taken issue with the conclusions Keegan drew from the war, but these are hardly factual errors and lie within the zone of legitimate interpretational debate.

So why do I still like the book? First, despite its frequent redundancy, it is readable. Keegan's style was far more dense at the beginning of his career, and though this book does not represent his best work, heavy editing for a second edition should improve it--as well as fix the factual errors. Good editing would also fix what I think are only perceived errors, where Keegan failed to make his point clear. One such area is in his discussion of the rivers of the western theatre. McPherson, in his review, points out that Keegan says two contradictory things about the rivers--that they both posed as obstacles to Union advance and avenues for Union advance. Keegan did say both--what I think he meant, in context, was that they were obstacles to infantry and cavalry unsupported by gunboats and riverine craft, and only later became useful axes of advance. And returning to the repetition of information, it occurred to me at some point that the redundant information would actually make the book useful as a classroom text (provided it is cleansed of errors), so chapters could be cherrypicked for a reading list.

The biggest problem I had with the book was the maps. They were not good. They rarely included important names and locations Keegan discussed in the book, and though I couldn't find any credit for the maps in the copyright information or back matter, I suspect they were cribbed from an earlier book.

Despite this book's problems, it's still got a healthy dose of vintage Keegan. His analysis of the leaders in the Civil War was very good--I disagree with some of his points, especially in the Grant vs. Lee debate, but his critical insight is appreciated. A vicious editing process before the issue of the paperback and a few corrected facts will make this good book excellent.

Recommended.
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Reviewed in the United States on September 24, 2021
‘The American Civil War was to prove one of the most ferocious wars ever fought, a factor of its geography, since the enemy’s personnel, in the absence of geographic objectives apart from each side’s capital, presented itself as the only target at which to strike’, so writes John Keegan in this mesmerising account of the horrific war from 1861 to 1865. It was, in Keegan's view, a necessary war.

Keegan focuses his account on the military strategies and battles, even giving detailed counts of the casualties after each major battle. His biopics and descriptions of the leaders on both sides – both the good and the bad – provide an understanding of how important leaders are in war. Luck often plays a part. An example is a battle in which an officer misinterpreted the topography and his lines, believing and reporting a gap. Hence reinforcements were drawn elsewhere to cover that gap, resulting in a real gap elsewhere.

The Civil War was as bloody and fierce in the seas and rivers as it was on land. The navies on both sides were either trying to blockade or evade one. The Northern navy, in the end, proved more stable and numerically superior, and that tipped the balance of naval power in the war.

This is not a political history of the Civil War, and no ruminations on the Gettysburg address, but the battle there is vividly described. An entire chapter is devoted to the battle of Vicksburg – arguably the most important and decisive battle of the War. As if scouring the ruins after a war, Keegan considers the efforts and contributions of African Americans, and a survey of the aftermath in his chapter, ‘Walt Whitman and Wounds’.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 11, 2022
This book is one of the most pleasant, and smooth-flowing synopses of the Civil War that I've ever read. It's clearly meant for readers smart enough to appreciate our past. Ignore negative critiques. It's absurd for a concise, military history of the Civil War to be critized for not including revisionist, social issues. If you'd like an entertaining read, and want to learn things that most Civil War veterans, themselves, said ought to be taught to future generations, do yourself a favor and buy this book.
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Top reviews from other countries

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Nicola Piras
5.0 out of 5 stars Keegan riesce sempre ad avere uno sguardo originale
Reviewed in Italy on January 9, 2020
Non c'è niente da fare John Keegan è stato uno storico unico e originale. Anche su un argomento trito e ritrito come la Guerra di Secessione Americana è in grado di fare osservazioni e considerazioni nuove e brillanti riuscendo in un singolo volume a toccare tutti gli argomenti essenziali di un evento complesso come la "Civil War". Un libro imperdibile per gli appassionati di questo argomento.
Ken
5.0 out of 5 stars An interesting and comprehensive review of the American Civil War
Reviewed in Germany on May 3, 2019
Interesting and well written. The author repeats some issues a lot of times, but it didn’t bother me in any way. On the contrary, I found it very helpful for a better understanding of the storyline and the development of the different incidences (specially if you are not an expert in American history, as is my case).
Cliente Amazon
4.0 out of 5 stars Buen libro
Reviewed in Spain on January 26, 2017
Excelente libro que me ha cubierto un hueco en mis conocimientos sobre esta guerra, ya que hay poquito en español sobre el tema.
J. C. Mareschal
5.0 out of 5 stars North against South
Reviewed in Canada on May 1, 2010
The American civil war is often seen as the first modern war. It saw many battles where thousands of infantry man, charging a well entrenched enemy, would be slaughtered by the fire of powerful rifles. There were no machine guns yet, but this war gave a foretaste of the murderous battles to be fought in Flanders during WW I. It also saw a war fought on the scale of half a continent, a war that neither side could win in a single battle. Like the wars of the twentieth century, it turned into a war of attrition that the Confederacy had no hope to win.

North and South were set on a course to war, and both Union and the Confederacy engaged in the war with enthusiasm, but neither side had prepared for this war. Before deciding to lead the army of Virginia, Robert Lee had been offered the command of the Army of the Union. The Confederate generals, Lee and Stonewall Jackson, were to lead a very successful defensive war in Virginia, but they never could device a winning strategy for the South. In the meantime, the campaign west of the Appalachians allowed the rise of brilliant generals, like Grant and Sherman, for the Union. Grant, who hated wars, was nonetheless determined to fight. His victory at Vicksburg, one day after Gettysburg, insured the control of the Mississippi river for the Union and cut the Confederacy in two. It opened to Sherman the road of Atlanta and Savannah. From then on, it was only a question of time for the Union army to reach Richmond.

This book on the American civil war demonstrates why John Keegan is rightfully considered the best military historian today. Not only, does he provide a crystal clear analysis of the development of the war, but he also makes the reader feel what the men who fought this war, the Johnny Rebs or the Billy Yanks, felt. The reader can almost hear the sound of gunfire, feel the hunger and the cold, and wonder with John Keegan what kept those men fighting for four long years.
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paul lacter
4.0 out of 5 stars A new perspective.
Reviewed in France on March 25, 2012
Mr. Keegan has brought us an original examination of this tragedy which has probably been the subject of more books than any event in the history of America. He doesn't just describe the events but takes us behind the scenes for a fuller understanding of the "why" behind the "what". To do so however, much of the content represents his subjective interpretation of events and any subjective interpretation can be argued with others. For example, many historians would question the importance of slavery in the motivation of either side in the war. This might be "politically incorrect" but this approach positions slavery as the effect and not the cause which is believed to be the fundamental difference in economy, society and culture between the north and south. To further the point, these differences still exist today; perhaps to a lesser degree but one has only to look at the political and religious landscape in the country to appreciate how strong these differences can be. (We did recently see the governor of Texas defend succession as a viable political tool). All in all I found John Keegan's book fascinating and rich in details that are not always appreciated. It's his interpretation of these details which I sometimes have problems with.
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